﻿226 
  rev. 
  j. 
  f. 
  blake 
  on 
  soMe 
  [May 
  1897, 
  

  

  the 
  three 
  localities 
  south 
  of 
  the 
  same 
  hills 
  the 
  occurrence 
  is 
  very 
  

   instructive. 
  Here 
  a 
  long 
  east-and-west 
  valley 
  is 
  bounded 
  on 
  the 
  

   north 
  side 
  by 
  gently 
  sloping 
  surfaces, 
  and 
  on 
  the 
  other 
  or 
  south 
  

   side 
  by 
  a 
  long 
  and 
  very 
  uniform 
  escarpment. 
  This, 
  however, 
  is 
  

   broken 
  at 
  one 
  place 
  where 
  the 
  pass 
  over 
  the 
  summit 
  crosses, 
  and 
  

   shows 
  a 
  kind 
  of 
  notch 
  in 
  the 
  outline, 
  which 
  is 
  the 
  only 
  spot 
  where 
  

   the 
  subrecent 
  concrete 
  occurs. 
  It 
  here 
  reaches 
  its 
  highest 
  elevation, 
  

   being 
  not 
  more 
  than 
  100 
  feet 
  below 
  the 
  summit 
  of 
  the 
  escarpment, 
  

   and 
  therefore 
  about 
  700 
  feet 
  above 
  the 
  level 
  of 
  the 
  Ran. 
  Towards 
  

   the 
  east 
  the 
  valley 
  closes 
  in, 
  and 
  we 
  reach 
  the 
  watershed 
  below 
  some 
  

   high 
  hills. 
  It 
  is 
  on 
  the 
  west 
  side 
  of 
  this 
  watershed 
  that 
  the 
  greater 
  

   part 
  of 
  these 
  deposits 
  of 
  concrete 
  occurs, 
  while 
  there 
  is 
  very 
  little 
  on 
  

   the 
  east 
  (see 
  fig. 
  10 
  in 
  Mr. 
  Wynne's 
  memoir). 
  On 
  the 
  south 
  side 
  of 
  

   the 
  Jhurio 
  Hills 
  there 
  is 
  a 
  fairly 
  continuous 
  encircling 
  scarp 
  which 
  

   faces 
  north. 
  The 
  main 
  drainage 
  of 
  the 
  southern 
  slopes 
  of 
  the 
  inner 
  

   hills 
  escapes 
  through 
  a 
  gorge 
  in 
  this 
  scarp, 
  which 
  at 
  one 
  time 
  was 
  

   fairly 
  broad, 
  but 
  is 
  now 
  nearly 
  choked 
  up 
  by 
  the 
  concrete, 
  while 
  

   within 
  the 
  scarp 
  we 
  find 
  the 
  concrete 
  spreading 
  out 
  as 
  a 
  thick 
  white 
  

   mantle 
  over 
  a 
  square 
  mile 
  of 
  the 
  slopes 
  beyond. 
  Notwithstanding 
  this, 
  

   the 
  outer 
  slopes 
  of 
  the 
  scarp, 
  up 
  to 
  within 
  a 
  few 
  hundred 
  yards 
  of 
  the 
  

   gorge, 
  are 
  quite 
  bare, 
  the 
  solid 
  rocks 
  being 
  everywhere 
  visible. 
  At 
  

   Bhujia 
  Hill 
  the 
  deposit 
  is 
  found 
  in 
  a 
  semicircular 
  valley 
  which 
  

   opens 
  on 
  the 
  south. 
  Between 
  Ler 
  and 
  Jadura 
  there 
  is 
  a 
  long 
  east- 
  

   and-west 
  valley, 
  opening 
  to 
  the 
  east, 
  and 
  this 
  is 
  almost 
  entirely 
  bare 
  ; 
  

   but 
  at 
  one 
  place 
  a 
  basaltic 
  dyke 
  crosses 
  the 
  valley 
  like 
  a 
  wall, 
  and 
  

   on 
  the 
  west 
  side 
  of 
  it 
  the 
  concrete 
  is 
  piled 
  up 
  in 
  places 
  to 
  its 
  summit. 
  

   A 
  similar 
  phenomenon 
  may 
  be 
  seen 
  in 
  the 
  valley 
  north-west 
  of 
  

   Godpur. 
  "Where 
  the 
  Mandvi 
  road 
  crosses 
  the 
  Charwar 
  range, 
  it 
  

   traverses 
  in 
  one 
  place 
  a 
  valley 
  whose 
  streams 
  run 
  west, 
  and 
  in 
  this 
  

   valley 
  we 
  find 
  the 
  concrete 
  on 
  the 
  north 
  side 
  resting 
  against 
  the 
  

   Jurassic 
  prominences 
  as 
  seen 
  near 
  the 
  Mandvi 
  road. 
  Farther 
  east 
  

   the 
  locality 
  Khedoi, 
  where 
  Mr. 
  "Wynne 
  records 
  this 
  concrete, 
  is 
  

   situated 
  in 
  a 
  semicircle 
  eroded 
  back 
  from 
  the 
  general 
  line 
  of 
  the 
  

   trap-escarpment. 
  

  

  In 
  structure 
  these 
  deposits 
  are 
  very 
  uniform. 
  Leaving 
  out 
  of 
  

   consideration 
  for 
  the 
  present 
  the 
  large 
  stones 
  derived 
  from 
  the 
  

   nearest 
  solid 
  rocks, 
  which 
  they 
  sometimes 
  contain, 
  they 
  consist 
  of 
  

   fine 
  particles 
  very 
  slightly 
  agglutinated, 
  so 
  that 
  a 
  blow 
  of 
  the 
  

   hammer 
  shatters 
  them 
  to 
  dust. 
  Some 
  southern 
  varieties, 
  however, 
  

   are 
  tougher, 
  and 
  are 
  used 
  for 
  building, 
  while 
  on 
  reaching 
  the 
  

   extreme 
  north-east 
  in 
  Bela 
  we 
  find 
  them 
  scarcely 
  consolidated 
  at 
  all. 
  

   They 
  are 
  for 
  the 
  most 
  part 
  obliquely 
  laminated, 
  and 
  in 
  this 
  case 
  the 
  

   slope 
  of 
  the 
  laminse 
  in 
  the 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  deposit 
  nearest 
  to 
  the 
  solid 
  

   rock 
  is 
  in 
  the 
  direction 
  of 
  that 
  rock. 
  

  

  In 
  composition 
  the 
  majority 
  are 
  mostly 
  white 
  sand, 
  cemented 
  only 
  

   with 
  calcareous 
  matter. 
  In 
  the 
  more 
  southerly 
  exposures 
  there 
  are 
  

   calcareous 
  particles 
  also, 
  but 
  I 
  have 
  not 
  seen 
  any 
  that 
  are 
  truly 
  

   oolitic. 
  The 
  complete 
  rounding 
  of 
  the 
  particles 
  gives 
  the 
  rock 
  that 
  

   appearance, 
  especially 
  in 
  the 
  deposit 
  near 
  Kotae, 
  but 
  on 
  examination 
  

   they 
  appear 
  to 
  be 
  organic 
  fragments, 
  and 
  there 
  are 
  white 
  specks 
  

  

  