﻿"^°1'.53\] 
  STJPEEFICIAL 
  DEPOSITS. 
  IN 
  CUTCH. 
  229 
  

  

  the 
  wind 
  drops, 
  in 
  long 
  straggling 
  lines 
  parallel 
  to 
  the 
  course 
  it 
  has 
  

   taken. 
  These 
  longitudinal 
  sand-dunes, 
  therefore, 
  indicate 
  a 
  great 
  

   velocity 
  of 
  wind 
  in 
  the 
  desert 
  north 
  of 
  the 
  Ran, 
  so 
  that 
  we 
  are 
  not 
  

   surprised 
  to 
  learn 
  that 
  some 
  of 
  them, 
  even 
  without 
  the 
  aid 
  of 
  any 
  

   inclined 
  plane 
  of 
  solid 
  rock 
  below, 
  are 
  able 
  to 
  attain 
  a 
  height 
  of 
  

   400 
  to 
  500 
  feet. 
  That 
  the 
  same 
  phenomena 
  are 
  found 
  in 
  Cutch 
  

   itself 
  may 
  be 
  gathered 
  from 
  the 
  fact 
  that 
  in 
  speaking 
  of 
  the 
  sand- 
  

   dunes 
  along 
  the 
  southern 
  coast 
  Mr. 
  Wynne 
  says 
  that 
  they 
  have 
  a 
  

   bearing 
  of 
  about 
  20° 
  south 
  of 
  west, 
  1 
  which 
  is 
  exactly 
  the 
  average 
  

   direction, 
  as 
  seen 
  above, 
  of 
  the 
  strongest 
  winds. 
  Prom 
  personal 
  

   observation 
  I 
  can 
  only 
  say 
  that 
  at 
  Mandvi, 
  after 
  the 
  close 
  of 
  the 
  

   monsoon 
  season, 
  when 
  the 
  sea 
  had 
  calmed 
  down 
  enough 
  for 
  steamers 
  

   to 
  call, 
  the 
  wind 
  was 
  constantly 
  blinding 
  with 
  sand 
  and 
  the 
  pier 
  

   was 
  all 
  buried 
  in 
  a 
  dune. 
  That 
  large 
  areas 
  of 
  Cutch 
  are 
  now 
  

   covered 
  with 
  still 
  drifting 
  sand 
  is 
  pointed 
  out 
  by 
  Mr. 
  Wynne. 
  2 
  

  

  The 
  cause 
  assigned 
  being 
  thus 
  found 
  adequate 
  for 
  the 
  work, 
  we 
  

   must 
  next 
  enquire 
  how 
  far 
  it 
  explains 
  the 
  special 
  phenomena 
  noted 
  

   above. 
  As 
  it 
  was 
  the 
  distribution 
  of 
  the 
  deposits 
  that 
  suggested 
  

   the 
  cause, 
  this 
  must 
  be 
  taken 
  first. 
  Now 
  all 
  the 
  localities 
  may 
  be 
  

   described 
  as 
  spots 
  where 
  a 
  wind 
  coming 
  from 
  the 
  west 
  or 
  south 
  

   would 
  be 
  stopped 
  by 
  an 
  obstacle, 
  or 
  where 
  a 
  shelter-spot 
  exists 
  in 
  a 
  

   long 
  scarp. 
  Thus 
  in 
  the 
  Kala 
  Dongar 
  the 
  wind 
  would 
  be 
  stopped 
  

   by 
  a 
  projecting 
  high 
  land, 
  below 
  Roha 
  Hill 
  by 
  a 
  watershed, 
  below 
  

   Bhujia 
  Hill 
  by 
  the 
  hill 
  itself, 
  between 
  Ler 
  and 
  Jadura, 
  and 
  also 
  

   "N.W. 
  of 
  Godpur, 
  by 
  projecting 
  dykes, 
  and 
  on 
  the 
  Mandvi 
  road 
  by 
  

   the 
  Jurassic 
  escarpments. 
  On 
  the 
  other 
  hand 
  shelter-spots 
  occur 
  

   above 
  Andhou 
  on 
  the 
  Gora 
  Dongar, 
  on 
  the 
  flanks 
  of 
  Habo 
  Hills, 
  on 
  

   the 
  Kas 
  scarp, 
  on 
  the 
  south 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  Jhurio 
  Hills, 
  and 
  at 
  Khedoi 
  

   on 
  the 
  trap-escarpment. 
  In 
  some 
  other 
  places, 
  as 
  along 
  the 
  north 
  

   side 
  of 
  the 
  Katrod 
  Hills, 
  and 
  apparently 
  at 
  Baukha, 
  the 
  deposit 
  

   makes 
  no 
  feature 
  on 
  the 
  surface, 
  being 
  level 
  with 
  the 
  ground, 
  and 
  

   thus 
  probably 
  fills 
  originally 
  existing 
  hollows. 
  To 
  this 
  latter 
  

   category 
  must 
  also 
  be 
  assigned 
  the 
  various 
  glens 
  in 
  which 
  the 
  

   deposits 
  less 
  abundantly 
  occur. 
  

  

  It 
  is 
  thus 
  seen 
  that 
  the 
  horizontal 
  distribution 
  is 
  exactly 
  what 
  it 
  

   ought 
  to 
  be. 
  In 
  the 
  vertical 
  direction, 
  where 
  the 
  deposits 
  occur 
  at 
  

   high 
  levels 
  inland 
  the 
  main 
  valleys 
  are 
  also 
  high, 
  so 
  that 
  there 
  is 
  

   not 
  a 
  great 
  difference 
  of 
  level 
  ; 
  but 
  in 
  the 
  case 
  of 
  the 
  Gora 
  Dongar, 
  

   where 
  the 
  deposits 
  are 
  560 
  feet 
  above 
  the 
  neighbouring 
  Ean, 
  there 
  is 
  

   a 
  gradual 
  rocky 
  slope 
  all 
  the 
  way, 
  leading 
  up 
  to 
  the 
  hollow 
  where 
  

   they 
  lie. 
  In 
  the 
  case 
  of 
  the 
  Kas 
  scarp 
  the 
  west 
  wind 
  would 
  be 
  

   hemmed 
  in 
  by 
  lofty 
  hills 
  into 
  a 
  gradually 
  narrowing 
  valley, 
  so 
  that 
  

   its 
  force 
  would 
  be 
  greatly 
  increased. 
  

  

  The 
  lamination 
  may 
  at 
  first 
  sight 
  seem 
  a 
  difficulty 
  in 
  the 
  way 
  

   of 
  the 
  proposed 
  explanation, 
  but 
  it 
  is 
  not 
  so. 
  The 
  principal 
  dust- 
  

   bearing 
  gales 
  are 
  in 
  the 
  hot 
  season, 
  and 
  these 
  will 
  leave 
  a 
  deposit 
  

   of 
  sand 
  or 
  calcareous 
  dust 
  upon 
  any 
  preexisting 
  surface. 
  Then 
  the 
  

   succeeding 
  rains, 
  which 
  are 
  not 
  often 
  so 
  heavy 
  in 
  Cutch 
  as 
  to 
  wash 
  

  

  1 
  Mem. 
  Geol. 
  Surv. 
  India, 
  vol. 
  ix. 
  pt. 
  i. 
  (1872) 
  p. 
  82. 
  2 
  Ibid. 
  p. 
  12. 
  

  

  