﻿V°l« 
  53-] 
  ASSOCIATED 
  DEPOSITS 
  AT 
  NEWBURY. 
  421 
  

  

  ' 
  Westleton 
  ' 
  papers. 
  1 
  The 
  following 
  section, 
  from 
  a 
  gravel-pit 
  on 
  

   Greenham 
  Common, 
  south 
  of 
  Newbury, 
  at 
  401 
  feet 
  abo^e 
  O.D., 
  is 
  

   typical 
  of 
  this 
  gravel 
  : 
  — 
  

  

  Feet. 
  

   Peaty 
  soil 
  ; 
  the 
  surface 
  of 
  the 
  gravel 
  beneath 
  is 
  much 
  bleached... 
  1 
  

   Flint 
  gravel, 
  with 
  a 
  brown 
  clay-and-sand 
  matrix 
  (slightly 
  ^ 
  

  

  stratified) 
  j 
  

  

  70 
  °/ 
  brown 
  subangular 
  flints, 
  averaging 
  3 
  inches 
  in 
  diameter... 
  J 
  6 
  

   22 
  °/ 
  subangular 
  flints, 
  brown 
  inside, 
  white 
  outside, 
  and 
  less 
  J- 
  ex- 
  

   rolled 
  than 
  the 
  former 
  I 
  posed. 
  

  

  8 
  °/ 
  perfectly 
  rounded, 
  small 
  flints, 
  stained 
  throughout 
  red, 
  | 
  

   purple, 
  black, 
  brown, 
  and 
  grey 
  ) 
  

  

  The 
  well-rounded 
  pebbles 
  are 
  all 
  very 
  small, 
  and 
  much 
  decom- 
  

   posed 
  externally 
  ; 
  a 
  few 
  small 
  subangular 
  ' 
  sarsens 
  ' 
  of 
  fine, 
  cold- 
  

   grey, 
  compact 
  sandstone 
  or 
  quartzite, 
  as 
  well 
  as 
  fragments 
  of 
  chert, 
  

   were 
  present 
  ; 
  the 
  surface 
  of 
  this 
  gravel 
  is 
  much 
  bleached. 
  On 
  

   Snelsmore 
  Common, 
  north-west 
  of 
  Newbury, 
  the 
  following 
  section 
  

   of 
  a 
  similar 
  gravel 
  was 
  exposed, 
  capping 
  the 
  Tertiaries 
  at 
  a 
  level 
  

   ranging 
  from 
  429 
  to 
  483 
  feet 
  above 
  O.D. 
  : 
  — 
  

  

  Feet. 
  

  

  Peaty 
  soil 
  1 
  

  

  Flint-gravel 
  in 
  clay-and-sand 
  matrix, 
  with 
  greyish 
  intercalation"] 
  

  

  of 
  clay 
  | 
  

  

  38 
  % 
  pebbles; 
  62 
  °/ 
  subangular 
  = 
  100 
  ' 
  6 
  

  

  50 
  °/ 
  warm-brown 
  flints 
  1 
  f 
  ex- 
  

  

  45 
  °/ 
  flints 
  coloured 
  black 
  V 
  =100 
  | 
  posed. 
  

  

  5 
  % 
  small 
  subangular 
  sarsenstones 
  j 
  J 
  

  

  An 
  entire 
  absence 
  apparently 
  of 
  white 
  quartz-pebbles, 
  of 
  green- 
  

   coated 
  flints, 
  gritstones, 
  and 
  Triassic 
  pebbles. 
  

  

  As 
  the 
  Greensand 
  does 
  not 
  reach 
  the 
  surface 
  between 
  the 
  pre- 
  

   Glacial 
  southern 
  watershed 
  and 
  Snelsmore 
  Common, 
  we 
  can 
  under- 
  

   stand 
  the 
  scarcity 
  of 
  Greensand 
  debris, 
  as 
  previously 
  pointed 
  out, 
  

   in 
  reference 
  to 
  other 
  sections, 
  by 
  the 
  late 
  Sir 
  Joseph 
  Prestwich. 
  2 
  

  

  The 
  most 
  important 
  points 
  to 
  be 
  considered 
  in 
  determining 
  the 
  

   age 
  of 
  this 
  gravel 
  are 
  the 
  levels, 
  the 
  entire 
  absence 
  of 
  quartz-pebbles, 
  

   green-coated 
  flints, 
  and 
  Triassic 
  and 
  quartzite-pebbles 
  ; 
  also 
  its 
  

   extent 
  and 
  mode 
  of 
  occurrence. 
  The 
  consideration 
  of 
  these 
  points, 
  

   I 
  think, 
  fully 
  warrants 
  me 
  in 
  regarding 
  it 
  as 
  ' 
  pre-Glacial 
  Southern 
  

   Drift.' 
  

  

  No 
  bones 
  or 
  fossils 
  of 
  any 
  kind 
  have 
  ever 
  been 
  found 
  in 
  this 
  

   gravel, 
  to 
  my 
  knowledge. 
  The 
  exposed 
  situation 
  would 
  facilitate 
  

   their 
  removal 
  by 
  the 
  infiltration 
  of 
  rain, 
  if 
  they 
  had 
  not 
  been 
  

   previously 
  destroyed 
  by 
  the 
  strong 
  water-action 
  which 
  arranged 
  the 
  

   heavy 
  debris. 
  

  

  At 
  the 
  borders 
  of 
  the 
  commons 
  this 
  drift 
  sometimes 
  appears 
  to 
  

   trail 
  off 
  into 
  a 
  reddish 
  gravel, 
  clearly 
  shown 
  as 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  Southern 
  

   Drift, 
  in 
  section 
  AB 
  (PI. 
  XXX), 
  below 
  the 
  400-foot 
  level, 
  com- 
  

   mencing 
  at 
  the 
  Workhouse. 
  This 
  I 
  have 
  not 
  closely 
  examined 
  ; 
  but 
  

   it 
  appears 
  to 
  have 
  resulted 
  from 
  the 
  slipping 
  down 
  of 
  the 
  truncated 
  

   edge 
  of 
  the 
  sheet 
  of 
  Southern 
  Drift 
  towards 
  the 
  valleys, 
  and 
  its 
  

   subsequent 
  commingling 
  with 
  rainwash, 
  and 
  possibly 
  with 
  other 
  

   gravels 
  of 
  Glacial 
  age. 
  

  

  1 
  Quart. 
  Journ. 
  Geo! 
  Soc. 
  vol. 
  xlvi. 
  (1890) 
  p. 
  142. 
  2 
  Ibid. 
  p. 
  162. 
  

  

  