﻿512 
  MESSRS. 
  E. 
  T. 
  NEWTON 
  AND 
  J. 
  J. 
  H. 
  TEALL 
  ON 
  [DeC. 
  1 
  89 
  ], 
  

  

  beds 
  in 
  the 
  section 
  ; 
  but 
  it 
  must 
  be 
  remembered 
  that 
  the 
  figures 
  

   supplied 
  to 
  us 
  are 
  only 
  approximately 
  accurate, 
  and 
  are 
  liable 
  to 
  

   correction 
  by 
  further 
  measurements. 
  

  

  The 
  sedimentary 
  strata 
  in 
  the 
  south 
  of 
  Franz 
  Josef 
  Land 
  are 
  

   believed 
  to 
  be 
  regularly 
  horizontal, 
  with 
  only 
  a 
  slight 
  dip 
  to 
  the 
  

   north-east, 
  and 
  consequently 
  within 
  the 
  area 
  of 
  Cape 
  Flora 
  it 
  is 
  

   unlikely 
  that 
  there 
  will 
  be 
  any 
  serious 
  variation 
  in 
  the 
  height 
  of 
  

   the 
  same 
  bed 
  at 
  different 
  parts 
  of 
  the 
  cliffs. 
  

  

  Cape 
  Flora 
  is 
  said 
  to 
  be 
  1100 
  feet 
  high 
  ; 
  the 
  upper 
  500 
  feet 
  is 
  

   basalt, 
  while 
  the 
  lower 
  600 
  feet 
  is 
  made 
  up 
  of 
  sedimentary 
  rocks, 
  

   covered 
  for 
  the 
  most 
  part 
  by 
  talus. 
  The 
  base 
  of 
  the 
  basalt 
  is 
  

   thus 
  placed 
  at 
  600 
  feet 
  above 
  the 
  sea, 
  and 
  the 
  positions 
  of 
  some 
  of 
  

   the 
  beds, 
  as 
  we 
  shall 
  see, 
  are 
  reckoned 
  by 
  their 
  distance 
  below 
  the 
  

   basalt. 
  Thin 
  beds 
  of 
  basalt 
  are 
  said 
  to 
  occur 
  in 
  the 
  clay-beds, 
  but 
  

   as 
  the 
  exact 
  position 
  of 
  these 
  is 
  not 
  stated 
  they 
  are 
  left 
  out 
  of 
  the 
  

   section; 
  and 
  for 
  the 
  same 
  reason 
  the 
  seams 
  of 
  coaly 
  lignite, 
  noticed 
  

   in 
  these 
  clay-beds, 
  are 
  omitted. 
  

  

  There 
  is 
  one 
  horizon, 
  however, 
  the 
  age 
  and 
  position 
  of 
  which 
  are 
  

   definitely 
  known 
  : 
  it 
  is 
  that 
  which 
  occurs 
  at 
  the 
  back 
  of 
  Elmwood, 
  at 
  

   about 
  50 
  feet 
  below 
  the 
  base 
  of 
  the 
  basalt. 
  At 
  this 
  spot 
  a 
  bed 
  

   (No. 
  3) 
  was 
  found 
  in 
  situ, 
  and 
  from 
  it 
  a 
  small 
  ammonite 
  was 
  obtained, 
  

   which 
  is 
  probably 
  Ammonites 
  Tchefkini. 
  In 
  the 
  watercourse 
  

   below 
  this 
  exposure 
  similar 
  ammonites 
  were 
  found, 
  together 
  with 
  

   A. 
  modiolaris 
  and 
  A. 
  macroce_phalus 
  (see 
  p. 
  496). 
  These 
  suffice 
  

   to 
  settle 
  the 
  age 
  as 
  Lower 
  Oxfordian 
  and 
  probably 
  the 
  equivalent 
  

   of 
  our 
  own 
  Kellaways 
  Rock 
  ; 
  and 
  although 
  only 
  one 
  ammonite 
  was 
  

   really 
  found 
  in 
  situ, 
  yet 
  it 
  is 
  sufficiently 
  certain 
  that 
  the 
  others, 
  if 
  

   not 
  from 
  the 
  same 
  place, 
  came 
  from 
  beds 
  but 
  little 
  lower 
  in 
  the 
  

   series. 
  Similar 
  fossils 
  to 
  these 
  occur 
  in 
  the 
  talus 
  at 
  many 
  places 
  

   around 
  Cape 
  Flora, 
  showing 
  that 
  the 
  same 
  beds 
  in 
  all 
  probability 
  

   occur 
  all 
  round 
  the 
  Cape. 
  

  

  The 
  belemnites 
  which 
  were 
  collected 
  during 
  the 
  Eira 
  Expe- 
  

   dition 
  by 
  Mr. 
  Grant, 
  apparently 
  on 
  Mabel 
  Island 
  and 
  said 
  to 
  be 
  

   of 
  Oxford 
  Clay 
  age, 
  probably 
  belong 
  to 
  this 
  horizon. 
  

  

  How 
  much 
  of 
  the 
  beds 
  above 
  and 
  below 
  the 
  Ammonites 
  macro- 
  

   cepLalus-horizon 
  is 
  to 
  be 
  included 
  in 
  the 
  Lower 
  Oxfordian 
  one 
  

   cannot 
  spy, 
  no 
  distinctive 
  fossils 
  having 
  been 
  found. 
  The 
  thin 
  

   bands 
  of 
  shale 
  (No. 
  2) 
  which 
  occur 
  just 
  above 
  the 
  A. 
  macrocephalus- 
  

   horizon 
  and 
  close 
  under 
  the 
  basalt 
  have 
  yielded 
  no 
  fossils. 
  

  

  On 
  the 
  north 
  side 
  of 
  Cape 
  Flora, 
  at 
  a 
  height 
  of 
  about 
  700 
  feet, 
  

   the 
  bed 
  with 
  plant-remains 
  (No. 
  1) 
  occurs 
  ; 
  it 
  is 
  said 
  to 
  be 
  in 
  situ, 
  

   and 
  overlying 
  a 
  mass 
  of 
  basalt 
  projecting 
  through 
  a 
  glacier. 
  

   This 
  locality 
  is 
  about 
  a 
  mile 
  north-west 
  of 
  Elmwood 
  — 
  that 
  is, 
  on 
  

   the 
  supposed 
  strike 
  of 
  the 
  beds 
  ; 
  it 
  is 
  therefore 
  included 
  in 
  the 
  

   section 
  at 
  the 
  height 
  given. 
  It 
  is 
  difficult 
  to 
  decide 
  whether 
  this 
  

   plant-bed 
  should 
  be 
  included 
  in 
  the 
  Oxfordian 
  or 
  not. 
  Dr. 
  Nathorst's 
  

   opinion, 
  that 
  it 
  is 
  of 
  Upper 
  Oolite 
  age, 
  carries 
  great 
  weight 
  ; 
  but 
  

   if 
  this 
  be 
  correct, 
  then 
  there 
  would 
  seem 
  to 
  be 
  only 
  150 
  feet 
  of 
  

   strata 
  between 
  the 
  Lower 
  Oxfordian 
  and 
  the 
  Upper 
  Oolite. 
  More- 
  

  

  