﻿"^°1* 
  53-] 
  ANNIVERSARY 
  ADDRESS 
  OE 
  THE 
  PRESIDENT. 
  lxxxi 
  

  

  and 
  have 
  pointed 
  out 
  spots 
  where 
  there 
  appear 
  to 
  be 
  traces 
  of 
  an 
  un- 
  

   conformity 
  between 
  typical 
  Harlech 
  rocks 
  and 
  some 
  underlying 
  beds. 
  

  

  Western 
  and 
  Central 
  England. 
  

  

  In 
  the 
  years 
  1864 
  and 
  1865 
  Dr. 
  Holl 
  read 
  papers 
  before 
  this 
  

   Society 
  in 
  which 
  he 
  maintained 
  that 
  the 
  rocks 
  forming 
  the 
  axis 
  of 
  

   the 
  Malvern 
  Hills, 
  then 
  classed 
  as 
  syenite, 
  were 
  not 
  intrusive 
  .in 
  

   the 
  Cambrian 
  and 
  Silurian 
  rocks, 
  but 
  were 
  a 
  portion 
  of 
  an 
  old 
  

   pre-Cambrian 
  land 
  on 
  which 
  the 
  newer 
  rocks 
  had 
  been 
  deposited. 
  

   In 
  the 
  first-named 
  year 
  Mr. 
  Salter 
  and 
  I 
  announced 
  (Brit. 
  Assoc, 
  

   Bath 
  Meeting) 
  that 
  the 
  so-called 
  syenite 
  of 
  St. 
  David's 
  was 
  also 
  

   of 
  pre-Cambrian 
  age, 
  and 
  that 
  it 
  supported, 
  but 
  did 
  not 
  penetrate, 
  

   the 
  shallow-water 
  accumulations 
  of 
  the 
  surrounding 
  Cambrian,, 
  

   These 
  views 
  were 
  strongly 
  controverted 
  at 
  the 
  time, 
  and 
  in 
  

   speaking 
  of 
  the 
  Malvern 
  rocks 
  Sir 
  E. 
  Murchison 
  in 
  1867 
  (' 
  Siluria,' 
  

   4th 
  ed. 
  p. 
  93) 
  said 
  : 
  — 
  ' 
  I 
  consider 
  them 
  to 
  be 
  a 
  metamorphosed 
  

   mass 
  of 
  the 
  lower 
  portion 
  of 
  the 
  Cambrian 
  deposits, 
  and 
  therefore 
  

   equivalents 
  of 
  the 
  crystalline 
  (metamorphic) 
  Cambrian 
  rock 
  of 
  

   Anglesey 
  and 
  North 
  Wales/ 
  As 
  is 
  well 
  known, 
  the 
  view 
  here 
  

   expressed 
  by 
  Sir 
  R. 
  Murchison 
  was 
  the 
  one 
  held 
  by 
  the 
  chiefs 
  of 
  

   the 
  Geological 
  Survey 
  in 
  regard 
  to 
  the 
  pre-Cambrian 
  crystalline 
  

   masses 
  in 
  Wales 
  up 
  to 
  a 
  very 
  recent 
  period. 
  

  

  Though 
  the 
  crystalline 
  nucleus 
  of 
  the 
  Malvern 
  Hills 
  was 
  shown 
  

   by 
  Dr. 
  Holl 
  to 
  be 
  of 
  pre-Cambrian 
  age, 
  it 
  was 
  not 
  until 
  the 
  

   year 
  1879 
  that 
  it 
  was 
  pointed 
  out, 
  chiefly 
  through 
  the 
  labours 
  of 
  

   Dr. 
  Callaway, 
  that 
  there 
  was 
  a 
  newer 
  group 
  of 
  pre-Cambrian 
  rocks 
  

   in 
  the 
  spurs 
  running 
  off 
  from 
  the 
  eastern 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  Herefordshire 
  

   Beacon, 
  which 
  he 
  then 
  correlated 
  with 
  the 
  Pebidian 
  group 
  of 
  

   St. 
  David's. 
  In 
  that 
  year 
  I 
  visited 
  the 
  district 
  with 
  Dr. 
  Callaway, 
  

   and 
  was 
  struck 
  by 
  the 
  similarity 
  of 
  the 
  rocks 
  occurring 
  there 
  

   with 
  those 
  which 
  we 
  had 
  previously 
  described 
  at 
  St. 
  David's 
  

   and 
  in 
  North 
  Wales. 
  1 
  Though 
  typical 
  Lower 
  and 
  Middle 
  Cam- 
  

   brian 
  fossils 
  have 
  not 
  as 
  yet 
  been 
  discovered 
  on 
  the 
  flanks 
  

   of 
  the 
  Malvern 
  chain, 
  it 
  is 
  more 
  than 
  probable 
  that 
  rocks 
  of 
  

   that 
  age 
  occur 
  in 
  the 
  area. 
  Upper 
  Cambrian 
  fossils, 
  as 
  is 
  well 
  

   known, 
  were 
  discovered 
  there 
  in 
  beds 
  overlying 
  the 
  Hollybush 
  

   Sandstone 
  many 
  years 
  ago. 
  In 
  the 
  year 
  1877 
  Mr. 
  S. 
  Allport 
  2 
  made 
  

   the 
  important 
  announcement 
  that 
  the 
  Wrekin 
  ridge 
  and 
  another 
  area 
  

   to 
  the 
  north-west, 
  coloured 
  as 
  intrusive 
  greenstone 
  in 
  the 
  Geological 
  

   Survey 
  maps, 
  consisted 
  almost 
  entirely 
  of 
  a 
  ' 
  series 
  of 
  ancient 
  

  

  1 
  See 
  Proc. 
  Geol. 
  Assoc, 
  for 
  1879, 
  vol. 
  vi. 
  p. 
  233. 
  

  

  2 
  Quart. 
  Joux-n. 
  Geol. 
  Soc. 
  vol. 
  xxxiii. 
  p. 
  449. 
  

  

  