REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR I920-2-I 21 



at the original locality but at the Manorkill, 6400 feet south, 

 several tree trunks were found in place by the side of the road near 

 the bridge over Manorkill falls. Five specimens were taken from 

 this site and they constitute the highest horizon in which these 

 stumps have been found. The elevation here is 1120 feet above 

 tide and 100 feet higher than the old locality at Gilboa. When 

 the Gilboa reservoir becomes filled the flow line will be a few feet above 

 this spot. In 192 1 the old locality, which is directly at the spot 

 where the dam is being built, was again uncovered and seven trees 

 were found, some of which were too badly broken to permit removal. 

 One of the specimens taken weighs nearly a ton and has a circum- 

 ference of nearly 12 feet. The elevation of this horizon is 1020 

 feet. 



From a new quarry, 2300 feet north of the old locality and at 

 a horizon 60 feet lower, a remarkable series of excellent specimens 

 was taken. This quarry was opened for the purpose of obtaining 

 dimension stone to be used in the construction of the dam. From 

 an area 50 feet square, eighteen specimens were obtained. In all three 

 horizons where the stumps have been found their bases rest upon 

 shale and in each case the trunk has been found upright extending 

 into the coarse sandstone above. The thickness of the shale bed 

 varies from 6 inches to as much as 2 feet. It is worth noting, 

 however, that at the lowest horizon the trees were most abundant 

 at a place in the quarry where the shale was only 6 inches thick. 

 Although most of them have been confined to the three horizons 

 mentioned, others are occasionally found at other levels. In the 

 lower quarry a small stump is reported to have been found 6 feet 

 above the shale layer on which most of the stumps rested. A single 

 specimen was observed in this quarry 12 feet above the main layer. 

 The stump was a small one a foot in diameter. Its position was 

 upright and at its base was a layer of black shale one inch thick. 

 Five feet from the stump the black shale entirely disappeared and 

 there was actually no division line in the sandstone. It is possible 

 that this specimen may have drifted and settled in its upright position. 

 The presence, however, of the thin bed of shale once dark mud, 

 limited to the vicinity of the stump, suggests that it was actually 

 its place of growth. The only other example of a stump not 

 occurring in one of the three main horizons is one from the middle 

 or old locality where a specimen was obtained 6 feet above the shale 

 band on which rested the other stumps that were found. 



The geologic horizon of the occurrence of the Gilboa tree trunks 

 is apparently that of the Ithaca formation. No red beds char- 



