MASTODONS, MAMMOTHS AND OTHER PLEISTOCENE MAMMALS 49 



discovery induced greater efforts and within a few days almost one- 

 third of the skeleton, including the head, was unearthed. 



In the restoration, the tusks and lower jaw were from a speci- 

 men from Hoopeston, 111., the pelvic bones and three ribs from 

 another individual from Hangman's creek, Oregon. Some of the 

 vertebrae of the neck and back and most oi those of the tail, were 

 modeled. A part of the right scapula was also restored. The Whit- 

 field skeleton was disarticulated and sold to the Senckenburg Mu- 

 seum, Frankfort, Germany, in 1910. 



71 1895. Cornwall. Heinrich Ries (N. Y. State Mus. Bui. 12, 

 1895, p. 109) records, without giving definite information, the bones 

 of a mastodon from the vicinity of Cornwall. " Clay was observed 

 in a meadow opposite the Roman Catholic church; it was exposed 

 in digging drainage trenches. Near this locality, but a little nearer 

 the river, were found several mastodon bones." See also, N. Y. 

 State Mus. Bui. 35, 1900, p. 583. 



72 1899. Arden. " Parts of a skeleton were exhumed near the 

 village of Arden on lands of Mr E. H. Harriman. Efforts made 

 to secure all the bones resulted in uncovering only a few portions 

 of the scapula or pelvis, leg, ribs, and two teeth. The soil was peat 

 or vegetable mold." S5 



The Schaeffer Skeleton 



73 !899. Newburgh (3 miles west). Almost an entire skeleton, 

 now restored and on exhibit in the Brooklyn Museum, was found 

 in 1899 on the farm of F. W. Schaeffer about 3 miles west of New- 

 burgh. The skeleton lacked the bones of the legs and feet (except 

 about twenty phalanges), one scapula and a number of the verte- 

 brae and ribs. H. F. Osborn, who examined the locality, made the 

 following observations : " The deposition is in three levels, the two 

 upper being separated by a smooth, clearly defined surface, and by 

 slight differences in the character of the soil, which is largely dark 

 and thoroughly decomposed vegetable matter, intermingled with a 

 few stones and very numerous remains of trees of various sizes. 

 Examination of the latter gives abundant evidence of the existence 

 of beaver in this hollow in the period of the mastodon, and we can 

 easily imagine that the different soil levels were due to the building 

 of successive beaver dams." 86 



74 1888-1901. Monroe (plate 7). During a period of drouth 

 in 1888, some bones and tusks of the mastodon were recovered from 



S5 J. M. Clarke, N. Y. State Mus. 3d Rep't of Director, 1907, p. 

 80 Osborn, H. F., Science n. s., 1899, 10:539. 



60. 



