MASTODONS, MAMMOTHS AND OTHER PLEISTOCENE MAMMALS 87 



A part of the upper jaw of a deer with the premolars and molars 

 of one side well preserved, was recovered in 1908 from the muck 

 of a swamp at Cedar Hill, Albany county. The specimen was 

 found by J. H. Baumer in a position well below the present surface 

 of the swamp and the condition of the bone and teeth give evidence 

 of its being long interred. 



"At Hinsdale, Cattaraugus county . . . some horns of deer, 

 were found 16 feet beneath the surface, in gravel and sand." 64 



James Hall 65 in his account of Castoroides, mentions the 

 finding of the jaw and teeth of a deer in a swamp, with the bones of 

 a mastodon, in Greenville, Greene county ; and in the same account 

 (page 391) states that, "several deers' horns and the horn of an 

 elk were found 12 feet below the surface, in a muck deposit " at 

 New Hudson, 4 miles from Cuba, N. Y. Hall, 66 also records deer 

 remains from Cattaraugus county, found in a sand and gravel 

 deposit and associated with mastodon bones. 



The antlers of two deer were found in marl at the cement plant 

 at Caledonia in 1902. The antlers came into the plant with marl 

 for the drier so that their exact position in the deposit is not known. 



Remains of three or more individuals were found on the north 

 side of Ley creek, east shore of Onondaga lake, and briefly described 

 by W. M. Smallwood. 67 A more extended account was given by 

 Burnett Smith 68 : " The bones were secured during excavations 

 which reached from the surface through the peaty layers into the 

 marl below. The specimens were found immediately above the marl 

 at a depth of about 10 feet." Some of the specimens had shell par- 

 ticles adhering to them and perhaps came from the marl itself. The 

 remains consisted of " two large humeri each accompanied by its 

 corresponding radius and ulna, two small humeri, one metacarpus, 

 six ribs, one lumbar vertebra, one thoracic vertebra and one atlas." 



At another locality, Harbor brook, Syracuse, fragments of deer 

 bones were discovered during sewer construction in 191 2. "A sewer 

 excavation in the Harbor Brook valley cut down through the swamp 

 deposits to a depth of from 10 to 15 feet. The layers of different 

 materials exhibited a variable and irregular structure but in general 

 the normal sequence of such deposits could be observed. That is, 

 a bluish clay occurred below, followed by marly bands which in 



1 Hall. Nat. Hist. N. Y., Geol., pt 4, 1843, P- 364. 



1 Bost. Jour. Nat Hist., 1846, 5 :39c 



1 Nat. Hist. N. Y. Geol., pt 4, 1843, p. 366. 



Science, n. s. 1908, 18:26. 



N. Y. State Mus. Bui. 171, 1914, p. 65. 



