114 The Philippine Journal of Science lais 



come this difficulty by mixing different quantities of ashes with 

 the coal to prevent caking, but it was unsuccessful. 



In one case the hydrogen content of the gas reached 20.2 per 

 cent. This had a marked effect on the gas engine, causing pound- 

 ing when it was loaded to about 50 per cent of the rated capacity. 

 Under continuous heavy load the engine does not operate well 

 when the hydrogen in the gas exceeds 14 per cent. 



The lower calorific values of the gas per cubic meter as con- 

 sumed are given in Table VI. The test numbers correspond to 

 the numbers in the previous tables. A Junker gas calorimeter 

 was used in making the determinations. The results were cal- 

 culated by the formula:' 



1000 W {Tow-Tiw) + K (Tiw-Tg) + K' {Teg—Tiw) 

 C= _ 



where C= calories per cubic meter. 



G=liters of gas consumed as registered in the meter. 

 !row=temperature of outlet water. 

 riw=temperature of inlet water. 

 Tfir=temperature of gas at meter. 

 Te5r=temperature of escaping gases. 



lF=water passed through the calorimeter in liters. 

 /ir,iiL'= constant calculated by Bates from the specific heats of 

 the average quality of gases, equal to 0.0089 and 

 0.470 calorie, respectively. 



' Latta, Nisbet, American Producer Gas Practice and Industrial Gas 

 Engineering (1910), 451. 



