xni. A, 5 Reinking: Philippine Economic-Plant Diseases 245 



ments have been very successful. Typical disease was produced 

 on pods and their peduncles. 



Control. — The disease can be easily and economically con- 

 trolled by spraying with Bordeaux mixture. Eight to ten sprays 

 during the season are sufficient. Of these sprays, five to seven 

 should be applied during the rainy season and three during the 

 dry season. It is best to add a sticker of resin and salsoda 

 during the rainy season. The cost of spraying is 2 centavos 

 per tree for each spray. Sanitation should be practiced along 

 with spraying. This consists in collecting and burning all 

 diseased pods hanging on the tree and those on the ground. 

 All diseased branches should be removed. Cacao plantings 

 should not be too thick nor 

 should the shade be too dense, 

 so that there will be plenty of 

 aeration. 



The rotting of diseased pods 

 may be hastened by the entrance 

 of other fungi. These fungi 

 found on decaying fruits are 

 Fusarium theohromae App. et U B ^ 



StrUnk (fig. 34) , NeCtria bainii fig. 35. Nectria bainU Massee var. hypo- 



Massee var. hypoleuca Sacc. ^^""^ ^^""^ "\^" "^^^ *'*="" 



. ,. spores (X 325); b, ascospores 



(fig. 35), Lasiodiplodia theo- (x eso). 



bromae (Pat.) Griff, et Maubl. 



(Plate XIX, figs. 1, 2, and 3), Oospora eandidula Sacc, Physalo- 



spora affinis Sacc, Aspergillus delacroixii Sacc. et Syd., and 



Mycogone cervina Ditm. var. theobromae Sacc. 



canker: phytophthora faberi maublanc 



Symptoms. — The cacao canker may be found on young twigs, 

 older branches, and the trunks of trees. Diseased twigs are 

 characterized by a dying of the tips, browning of the leaves, 

 and a shriveling of the diseased wood. A definite line of 

 demarcation is usually produced showing the limits of the disease. 

 On larger branches and on the trunk more or less blackened 

 cankered areas are produced. These are characterized by a 

 shrinking of the diseased area which may have a definite line 

 of demarcation at the extremities of the diseased portion. Often 

 a cracking and a scaling of the bark are produced in these dis- 

 eased areas. The infection may spread from diseased pods into 

 the branches or trunk. A true cankered condition is not always 

 produced. 



