186 The Philippine Journal of Science xii, d, 3 



the sides of floating logs are few, and they are frequently absent in such 

 localities. The scarcity of small fish in the lake during the present year is 

 the reason why many larvse and pupae of Anopheles punctipennis were 

 present at some of the inlets examined." This scarcity of top-minnows was 

 due to the presence of large predatory fishes. In Shraders Mill Pond, which 

 is well stocked with top-feeding minnows, but which otherwise is ideal for 

 the production of mosquitoes, there being plenty of floating pine needles and 

 debris, no mosquito larvae were found. "The top-feeding minnows were 

 apparently able to dispose and did dispose of all larvae and prevented devel- 

 opment of Anopheles in this area." (p. 9.) 

 Idem. Control of malaria. Oiling as an antimosquito measure. Reprint 



No. 260 from the U. S. Public Health Reports (1915), 30. 



Comments on the value of oil as used in the fight against mosquitoes and 



says, "Oiling was largely used in maintaining the force of 50,000 men on the 



Isthmus of Panama sufficiently free from malaria to construct the canal." 



Ludlow, Clara Southmayd. Disease-bearing mosquitoes of North and 



Central America, the West Indies, and the Philippine Islands. Bull. 



U. S. Army Med. Dept. (1913), No. 4. [Imprint dated 1914.] 



This paper gives descriptions and figures of the mosquitoes found in the 

 above regions. Certain desirable lines of investigation are suggested, and 

 as a remedy for these pests, ditching, filling, cleaning, and larvicides are 

 recommended. The introduction of mosquito fish (top-minnows) into ponds 

 and open basins of water is urged. 



Ross, Edward Halford. The reduction of the domestic mosquitoes. In- 

 structions for the use of municipalities, town councils, health officers, 

 sanitary inspectors, and residents in warm climates. London, J. Mur- 

 ray (1911). 

 This writer gives the results of his experience gained as health officer at 



Port Said and in the Suez Canal district. The book contains valuable 



suggestions. 



Seal, William P. Fishes in their relation to the mosquito problem. Bull. 

 U. S. Bur. Fish. (1910), 28, 831-38. 



This author advocates the use of several kinds of fishes, such as, top- 

 minnows of several species, sunfish, goldfish, the roach, and the pirate perch. 

 Regarding the mosquito fish, Gambu^ia affinis, he says: "As a destroyer of 

 Anopheles the writer has for several years advocated the use of Gambu^ia 

 affinis." [See also Proc. Biol. Sac. Washington (1911), 24, 91.] 

 Sewell, R. B. Seymour, and Chaudhuri, B. L. Indian fish of proved 

 utility as mosquito-destroyers. Calcutta, Printed by order of the 

 Trustees of the Indian Museum . . . (1912). 



This paper gives a list of ten Indian fishes that are regarded as of value 

 in the destruction of mosquito larvae. These fishes are of the following 

 genera: Haplochilus, Lebias, Ambassis, Trichogaster, Badis, Anabas, Barbus, 

 and Nuria. 



Stiles, Charles Wardell. Mosquitoes and malaria. Report on a short 

 trip in eastern North Carolina. Reprint No. 217 from the U. S. Public 

 Health Reports (1914), 29. 



An account of the locations in which malarial mosquitoes were found, with 

 a list of the species collected. 



