A 



JOURNAL 



OF 



NATURAL PHILOSOPHY, CHEMISTRY, 



AND 



THE ARTS. 



MARCH, 1806-. 



ARTICLE I. 



ExperimeMs on the Temperature of Water furrounded by freezing 

 Mixtures, In a Letter from Joim Gough, Efq, 



To Mr. NICHOLSON. 

 SIR, Middle fhaw, Jan. 29, 1806. 



IVAANY philofophers have turned their attention to the di-Expanfmnof 



latation obfervable in water when cooled below 4-0 or 41 de-^^f'^'"'" c oling 



below ^i de^, 

 grees of Fahrenheit's fcale, and alfo to the no lefs fingular fad 



of water retaining its fluidity for a confiderable time when 

 expofed to a freezing mixture, without 'being agitated. But 

 one circumftance, relating to the latter phenomenon, appears 

 to have efcaped the notice of them all ; which in all probabi- 

 lity will prove of fome importance to both enquiries. 



We know from common experience, that when a hotter and Explained by a 

 colder body come into conta6i, the former will lofe and llie ^J^he^c^j^c- 

 latter acquire heat, until they arrive at an equality of tem- ture that ice 

 perature. The frequent opportunities every one has of mak- ^^^ . "'^""•^'^ 

 ing this obfervation have aulhorifed it to pa fs for a general ftals at that t«ai- 

 rule; hence it has been concluded, that water in a ftate of P"'*"""^' 

 refl may be cooled many degrees below the freezing point. 



Vol. XIII.— March, 180(?. P and 



