TIME KEEPERS. 419 



taken; but probably both are of a very remote age, for 1 he 

 Indian pagodas are not fabrications of yefterday, nor in their 

 conceptions and defigns are they given to frequent viciflHude. 

 Now if Sani were thus defignated in very antient periods, the 

 fa6t proves that they muft, by what means can fcarely be con- 

 jeflured, have difcovered the phenomenon of his ting, for what 

 befides could that ferpentile oval incloling the body of Sani 

 be intended to reprefent ? That phenomenon however was 

 not known in Europe till about the year 1628, when Galileo, 

 with the firft perfc6l telefcope difcovered, what he conceived 

 to be two ftars at the extreme parts of the planet, but which 

 in reality proved to be the a/ijls of that ring, the natural ex- 

 iftence of which was afterwards demonftrated by Huygens and 

 fucceeding afironomers. The circumfiance is not the leaft 

 wonderful of thofe that occur in the difcuflion of Indian anti- 

 quities and literature. I have ftated the fad, and engraved 

 the image; I leave to abler judges the tafk of decifion." 



VIII. 



Explanation of Time keepers conjirucied by Mr. Thomas Earn- 

 Jhaxv: for ziJiich a Reward of Three Thoufand Pounds uas 

 awarded by the Coynndjfioners of Longitude. From the Com- 

 munications made by him to the Commijfioners *. 



JL HE model, from which the annexed drawings were taken Defcrlpt'on of 

 contains, befides the parts necefTary to explain the nature of ^^^j^^'^^^^'J^^'^ 

 the Efcapement, a box inclofing a fpring, which when wound fhaw's time 

 up communicates, by means of fome more wheels, a force to the P'^"' 

 balance-wheel, fufficient, when the balance is put in motion, 

 to keep it in adion for fome time. Thefe wheels are con- 

 tained between two brafs plates, faflened together by four 



upright 



* The Efcapement with a model was communicated in June, 

 1804, and a fubfequent explanation in March, 1805. The former 

 is here given, and fo much of the latter as direftiy relates to the 

 time-keepers. The latter paper is no otherwife abridged than by- 

 omitting certain obfervations upon other artifts, and fome general 

 remarks which do not form part of the difclofure. 



I have been Iblicitous to give as early an account as might be 



proper, of the Efcapements of Mr. Earnthaw and Mr. Arnold 



3 €hich 



