hoes is sometimes used to clean the interrats. Some, how- 

 ever, prefer using two smnll ploughs of the common form, 

 four or dvc inches broad at the bottom, and fastened together 

 by scre^ts, which increas:e or diminish their distance from each 

 other, according to the breadth of the intervals. This im- 

 plement is drawn by one horse, and, by being moved once 

 along each interval, cuts a proper quantity of earth from each 

 side of the row oi*plan(s ; and by proceeding in this manner, a 

 ridge of earth is laid up in the middle of each interval. This 

 mode is the best in situations where the drills are not perfectly" 

 straight. Where they are quiie straight, an implement is 

 used, which, instead of moving the earth from each side of 

 one drill, cuts it off the inner sides of two drills; and in either 

 method the hoeing of the intervals may be performed witfi, 

 equal expedition. A few weeks after these small ridges are 

 formed in the middle of the interva"ts, they are generally split 

 by a double plough drawn by one horse, the earth being laid 

 close against the turneps on each side. These operations not 

 only destroy the weeds in the intervals, but give to that part 

 of the land the advantages of a bare fallowing, and, besides 

 being g-refl% cheaper, are much more fertilizing than hand- 

 hoeing. In this mode of cultivation the turnips attain a 

 greater size than under the broad-east method, or that with 

 narrow intervals; and though the plants are generally left at 

 about eleven inches apart in the rows, which reduces the 

 number on an acre, when the crop is a full one, to about 

 21,900, the result of the above experiment will not be sur- 

 prising, when it is considered, that from the properties gf 

 similar solids, the weights of well-formed (spherical) turneps, 

 are in the ratio of the cubes of their diameters, and conse- 

 quently that one of eight inches and a half diameter will weigh 

 nearly as much as three of six inches diameter each. — Nearly 

 all the farmers in this district use their utmost endeavours to 

 obtain turnips of a larger size, which, together with the other 

 .important advantages derived from it, has long induced them 

 to prefer drilling on small ridges, with broad intervals, to any 

 other mode of culture ; and within the last twenty years, it 

 has become the almost universal practice in the counties of^ 

 Northumberland, Roxburgh, Berwick, and East Lothian, — 

 an extensive and extremely well managed district; in which, 

 1 believe, the rents of land are considerably higher than iii any 



