144 EFFECTS OF HEAT ON ANIMALS. 



son, in his account of his voyage to Senegal, makes some 



observations on the heat he had experienced in that country. 



In Senegal, Among other facts he relates, that, in an excursion he made 



3 ' in a small vessel on the Niger, the temperature of the cabin 



in which he remained was from 115° to 125°, and did not 



and at night f a u b e i ow ggy during the night. In 1758, Mr. Henry Ellis, 



In Georgia governor of Georgia, communicated to the Royal Society 



*°2 > „ a fact respecing the excessive heat he experienced that year 



and 105°, yet _ "_ 6 _, M v e J 



that of the body at Savannah. The thermometer in an open room facing 



only 97°. ^ e nor th roseto 102°. He likewise says, that going abroad 



with an umbrella, to screen him from the sun, a thermome- 

 ter, which he held in his hand, rose to 105° : and that the 

 same thermometer, when applied to his body, to his great 

 surprise fell to 97°. 

 Russian vapour Observations respecting the temperature of vapour baths 

 iM9 ii% contributed likewise to shew, that man can support the ac- 

 tion of a temperature superior to that of his own body. 

 Such are those of Gmelin*, who observed, that the heat of 

 the Russian vapour baths rose to 108% and even 116° F. 

 Some experiments on animals by Arnold Duntze + afforded 

 Dogs supported similar results with respect to them. Dogs confined in a 

 106 p or 108?, stove were capable of supporting a temperature of 106°, 

 or even 108°, for a considerable time. It is true, how- 



but killed at 

 113' 



ward- 



Animals then Haller, in the second volume of his Elements of Physio- 

 support high logy, has collected these and other similar facts, from which. 



temperatures, ° J ' . 



and their bodies he concludes, that both men and animals, under certain cir- 



arecolderthan cumstances, can support a temperature superior to that of 

 the an- around , . , ,,.',. 



them. their own body ; adding, that in one or two cases the per- 



sons, who had observed this fact in themselves, had like- 

 wise remarked, that their own temperature kept itself be- 

 low that of the surrounding medium. 



A girl could In 1760 Tillet and Duhamel had an opportunity of seeing 



stay 12 minutes ^ Rochefoucaut in Angoumois a baker's maid-servant go 

 in an oven at ° s 



264*. into an oven, the temperature of which was at least 264°, 



and stay there about twelve minutes, without much incon- 



* Flora Sibirica, t.L pref. p. 81. 

 fArnoldus Duntze, Experimenta Calorem Animalium spectaiv a 

 tia, Ley den, 1754. Quoted by Haller'. 



venience. 



