DEFECTS OP GRAFTING AND BUDDING. 353 



not, the sort of tree produced ; asl have before endeavoured 

 to prove. For if the resins of the two trees mix, I have, 

 I think, given the most convincing proof, we should experi- 

 ence this in the taste and appearance of the fruit. I know 

 n-o two barks, that differ more than those of the plum and 

 peach in taste and appearance. I took a fresh graft before 

 the rind had covered it, and cutting off the bolster, I 

 formed a very thin slice, and placed it in rcy microscope. 

 The whole part represented at n n PI. IX, Fig. 7 and 8, 

 proved plum bark : but the under piece (m m) was certainly 

 peach bark ; and though I have examined it completely, as 

 long as the rind is covering the whole, they never join. One 

 edge lies over the other ; but no vessels pass between the 

 two, and there is no communication whatever. The fruit 

 of the scion therefore must be pure, and wholly the pro- 

 duce of the peach tree, and the fruit can in no way acquire 

 melioration from the mixture with the stock. In budding 

 the juncture is maile exactly in the same manner as in grafts. 

 But as, in spite of appearance, the bark really never joins, 

 it may easily be conceived how very necessary a plaster 

 must be, till the new rind has grown over the whole; and 

 this depends upon the thickness and height of the bolster, 

 and therefore of course on the grafting or budding being 

 well or ill done. If the air is allowed to enter the smallest 

 pin hole, and the budding or grafting has left the smallest 

 rot, the aperture will make it a serious evil. 



I have observed a curious circumstance which frequently Curious cir- 

 ©ccurs respecting the side buds in budding, though never in budding! 

 grafting. Growing fast, they will often take refuge with 

 their new made wood under the cover of the bark of the 

 stock, and make the bolster between the buds : still they 

 never join. 



There is a defect in grafting, which is sure to cause Fatal defect i» 

 death. This is when the stock and graft differ in size; and graftlIlg ' 

 the graft is not placed even, so that the ends of the bark 

 vessels of one come into contact with the wood vessels of 

 the other, permitting the juice of the bark to run into the 

 sap. Here the sap retires, and a black rottenness takes 

 place; which proves how necessary it is, that the juices 

 should be divided ; and shows why nature has taken such 



Vol. XXIV.— Supplement. 2 A pains, 



