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DEFECTS Oc GllAETrVG A\t> nUDDINO. 



pains, to carry up all the juices separate to the ilower and 

 fruit. (See my former letters.) 

 Junctureof the As to the grain of the wood, from all the specimens I 

 have cut it appears, that the bastard grain must be joined; 

 and that the twisting and turning of this, when it could not 

 join, (see Fig. 4, G n) was the cause or rather perhaps the 

 effect, of the death of the graft. This lias always been the 

 appearance when the graft and stock did not agree. But 

 as to the silver grain, it appears of little importance whether 

 it joins or not: for I have seen it not meet in very perfect 

 buds, that completely succeeded. 

 Shoulder graft- I shall now mention the different sorts of grafting. When 

 IH g- old trees are grafted we must do the best we can : I should 



think shoulder grafting preferable. It would be in vain to 

 notice the defects of that which is to make a thing worth 

 something, that was worth nothing ; though it can never 

 make perfect trees of thorn. If however the plaster is put 

 on, when the clay is taken off, and the graft is well staked; 

 it will succeed, and make tolerably good trees. 

 Grafting by As to the grafting by approach, it would certainly be the 



approach. best kind of grafting, but for our climate. I know a 



gentleman, who had practised this in India with the greatest 

 success, and he had so completely the perfection that con- 

 stant practice gives, that I was very anxious to watch the 

 effect of his trial in this country, as he did not seem to 

 imagine it would not equally succeed. He began; but 

 soon found his success very different. The sap, that should 

 have formed his grafts by making new wood for the purpose, 

 was stopped by a few cold days. This introduced the rdt 

 into his scion. To prevent this, he next began his opera, 

 tion in very warm weather ; but this had a bad effect on the 

 barks, and made them recede from one another, which was 

 sure to destroy them. In short after two years trial he Mas 

 convinced, that, except for a very few plants, the sap of 

 which was very difficult to be backened, this was not 

 climate for the purpose. I am not quite satisfied however 

 to leave the result in this state. Resolved- to be assured 

 of the reason of its frequent failure, and, if it does succeed, 

 , of the poorness of the tree that proceeds from it, I have 



got several done by % person who in general succeeds un- 



usualli 



