CATALOGUE OP LL*TTERFLIES. 7 



straggles into these counties on very rare occasions only. Mr. 

 Wailes was only able to record one solitary specimen "once near 

 Darlington, J. C. Backhouse, Esq.," and added, " probably its 

 extreme northern locality, as the food plants of the larva, Rham- 

 nus catharticus and R. Frangula^ although not rare in Yorkshire 

 barely reach the southern part of Durham. The insect is far 

 from scarce in the former county". (Wailes, Cat., p 4). I am 

 not aware that Rhamnus Frangula occurs either in Durham or 

 ^Northumberland, and R, catharticus is recorded as ''very rare, 

 and not seen recently." (Baker and Tate's Flora of Northum- 

 berland and Durham; Trans., Yol. II., p. 146). Respecting the 

 occurrence of G. Rhamni in Yorkshire, Mr. Porritt says, " Of 

 general occurrence (except in the coaj districts of the West 

 Riding, where it is rare), but scarcely so common as the last." 

 (List of Yorkshire Lepidoptera, p. 7, Trans. Yorkshire Natural- 

 ists' Union, Vol. II.). So far as I know G. Rhamni does not 

 occur at all, in any portion of Yorkshire which adjoins or ap- 

 proaches the southern portion of the county of Durham. It 

 certainly does not occur in Cleveland, and I have been unable 

 to obtain any evidence of its occurrence in the North Riding at 

 all, nor do I think the Butterfly ranges much to the north of 

 central Yorkshire. 



I am able to record two additional specimens in our district 

 since Mr. Wailes' list appeared. One was seen in Newcastle-on- 

 Tyne in 1889 by Mr. L. S. Brady of Sunderland. Though it 

 was not captured there was no doubt of the species, with which 

 Mr. Brady had been familiar in Lincolnshire. The third example 

 was seen by myself at Black-Hall Rocks, near Hartlepool, the 

 same year. It was an exceedingly hot day, and I was lying 

 on the banks when a large, pale-yellow Butterfly flew past me. 

 I had not seen Rhamni on the wing before, but there could be 

 no mistake, as it was larger, paler, and flew in quite a different 

 manner to Colias Edusa. It flew over the bank and along the 

 grassy hollows, but as I had three times as far to run round as 

 it had to fly across from point to point, I soon lost sight of it, 

 . and spent an hour in vain hope of capturing it, much regretting 

 I was not on the alert when it appeared in sight. 



