244 ME. G. M. DAVIES ON THE MINERAL [June I9I2, 



III. Description of Samples. 



Sample 1 was a dark-grej' loam, well laminated and containing 

 mucli vegetable debris. Ostracods and broken gastropod shells were 

 fairly common. The sample contained 11-9 per cent, of fine sand, 

 the largest grain having a diameter of I'D millimetre. Quartz was 

 the dominant constituent; but 21 per cent, of the sand consisted of 

 shell-fragments, foraminifera, and other calcareous remains. Flint- 

 grains appeared to form 3 or 4 per cent, and quartzite was almost 

 as common ; felspar, glauconite, and white mica occurred in smaller 

 amounts. 



No less than 7"9 per cent, of the sand sank in bromoform. The 

 bulk of this consisted of plant-remains coated with pyrites and, to 

 a less extent, with pyrrhotite and iron-oxide. When freed from 

 these, the heavy residue amounted to only 0*046 per cent, of the 

 sand : it consisted of garnet, tourmaline, staurolite, kyanite, zircon, 

 hornblende, epidote, rutile, ilmenite, pyroxene, and apatite. 



Sample 2 was a brownish laminated loam containing a little 

 vegetable matter, with ostracods and foraminifera, but few molluscan 

 remains. The sandy residue amounted to 31*4 per cent, of the 

 sample : it was a fine white sand, the average diameter of the 

 grains being nnder 0'3 mm. and the maximum 2 mm. It contained 

 17*7 per cent, of calcareous matter, small amounts of flint, quartzite, 

 felspar, and glauconite, and flakes of white mica. 



The portion denser than bromoform amounted to 0*41 per cent, 

 of the sand. Only a trace of pyrrhotite was present, but there was 

 a good deal of limonite and some pyrites. The brown colour of the 

 sample was no doubt due to the oxidation of the greater part of 

 tlie iron-sulphides. The detrital heavy minerals formed 0'12 per 

 cent, of the sand, and consisted of garnet, tourmaline, staurolite, 

 zircon, kyanite, hornblende, epidote, rutile, ilmenite, apatite, and 

 andalusite. 



Sample 3 was a grej'- loam, laminated in part, containing a con- 

 siderable amount of vegetable matter. A few shells of Plcmorhis, 

 Limncea, and Pajm, numerous ostracods, and one Ohara were 

 present. The sand, 11*2 per cent, of the material, was fairly 

 fine-grained, but contained one piece of flint 3 mm. in length. 

 Calcareous matter amounted to 25 per cent. Glauconite, quartzite, 

 flint, aud felspar were present in small amounts, together with a 

 few flakes of white mica. 



The total heavy residue was 4'87 per cent, of the sand. This 

 included 0*71 per cent, of pyrrhotite, considerable amounts of pyrites 

 and limonite, and only 0'065 per cent, of detrital heavy minerals. 

 These consisted of garnet, zircon, ilmenite, tourmaline, staurolite, 

 hornblende, epidote, kyanite, rutile, and andalusite. 



Sample 4 was a grey sandy loam, containing little vegetable matter 



