466 PROF. E. J. GARWOOD 0>T THE LOWER CAKBONIFEROTJS [DeC. I912, 



Geographical distribution. — At the summit of the old 

 quarries on Meathop Fell, Arnside District ; at Beck Head, Cat 

 Crag, aud near Cartmel in the Grange District ; in Docker Beck 

 (Oatmeal Bed) and on Eavenstonedale Moor in the Shap District ; 

 in Scordale Beck, east of Roman Fell, in the Pennine District. 



(B) The Michelinia Zone. 



This zone, though of no great thickness, is one of the most 

 important in the ^orth-Western Province. It attains its fullest 

 development in the Meathop-Arnside section, where it is well 

 exposed and extremely fossiliferous. It has, for convenience, been 

 subdivided into two portions, which are as a rule both lithologicallj'- 

 and palaeontologically distinct. 



[c) The CamaropJioria4sorhyncha Sub-zone. 



This sub-zone is characterized by the presence of MicJielinia 

 grandis, associated with Camaroplioria isorliynclia — an association 

 that is never found outside this sub-zone. The base ©f the 

 sub-zone usually rests on the Spirifer-furcatus Band, and passes 

 up into the shaly beds which characterize the upper portion of 

 the zone. 



Lithology. — Where typically developed in the Western 

 Districts, as at Elliscales and Frith Hall, the sub-zone consists of 

 fairly massive limestones. In the Eavenstonedale District it is 

 not well exposed, and appears to be very thin and somewhat more 

 shalj than in the Grange District ; while at Shap it is represented 

 by a single bed of sandy and oolitic limestone at the base of the 

 Orton Sandstone. 



Flora and Fauna. 



Archaosigillaria vanuxemi Goppert. 



CyatJio'phylluin cf. tnultilamellaturii 



M'Coy. 

 Michelinia grandis M'Coy. 

 Zaphrentis konincki Ed. & H. 



Athyris (jlabristria (Phill.). 

 Caynarophoria isorhyncha (Phill.). 

 Eeticularia lineata (Mart.). 

 Spirifer furcatus M'CoJ^ Eare. 

 Derhya sp. 



BelleropTion costatiis Sbj. 



Specimens of MicJielinia occur, measuring as much as 2 feet in 

 diameter, which seem to be referable to M. grandis M'Coy, but 

 differ from the type-specimen in the Sedgwick Museum by their 

 much greater size and by the absence of an epitheca. They appear 

 to belong to the same form as that which occurs abundantly at 

 lionaldsway (Isle of Man). CamaropJioria isorhyncha is found in 

 ])ractically all exposures of this sub-zone, sometimes, as at Docker 

 Beck (Shap), in great abundance. Although it makes its entrance 

 in the JS'orth- Western Province in the Brownber Pebble-Bed, it is 

 extremely rare there, and occurs plentifully only in the sub-zone 



