478 PROF. E. J. G.VEWOOD ON THE LOWER CAEBONIFEKOUS [DeC. I9I2, 



higher portion of the sub-zone. Productus of. maxlmv.s (M'Coy) 

 appears to be confined to this sub-zone. Cyrtina septosa enters 

 in the upper portion, but onty becomes abundant in the band 

 which it especially characterizes near the summit, and the same 

 statement applies to Chonetes aff. comoides. The following list 

 includes the species most generally met with : — 



Alveolites capillarh (Phill.). Steiiophragma grancli/ense, gen. et sp. 



Alveolites etliericlgi Thomson. nov. Munro. 



Aulophyllum cf". iKicliyendotliecum 



Thomson, at the summit. 

 Camiwphyllum sp. (Caninoid.) 

 Carcinopliylliiiii Vaughan. 

 Cyatkophylhiiu rraoxhisoni Ed. & H. 

 BihiinophylluM tp Yaughan. 

 Dibunophyllum cf. muirheadi Nich. & 



Thomson. 

 Litlwstrotionjunceum (Flem.), coarse j Spirifer striaius Mart 



form. 

 Lithostrotion martini Ed. & H. 

 Lithostrotion portlocld (Bronn). 

 iSyringopora geniculata Phill. 

 Syringopora sp. 



Cyrtina septosa (Phill.). Rare. 

 Dielasma cf. sacculus (Mart.). 

 Froductus cf. cora D'Orb. 

 Productus laciniatus M'Coy. 

 Productus cf. maxiraus M'Coy. 

 Productus cf. martini Sby. 

 Spirifer hisulcatiis Sby. 



Allorisma sp. 

 ConocardiuYii aliforme Sby. 



Bellerophon sp. 

 Flemingia sp. 



Geographical distribution. — The sub-zone occurs in all the 

 districts, but it has been almost entirely denuded from the neigh- 

 bourhood of Kendal. Its detailed distribution is shown on the 

 maps (Pis. LIII-LV). In the Shap District it forms the greater 

 ])ortiou of the escarpment and dip-slopes of the Knipe Scar Lime- 

 stone, and along the Cross-Fell escarpment constitutes the whole of 

 the ]Melmerby-Scar Limestone above the Bryozoa Band. In the 

 llavenstonedale District only the lower portion of the zone is present, 

 and this is overstepped at Kirkby Stephen by the Permian deposits. 

 As we go northwards from here, however, higher beds are seen to 

 crop out successively from beneath the lower Brockrams, until, in 

 the neighbourhood of Crosby Garrett, the highest beds of the zone 

 are exposed. The sub-zone bulks largely in the Kirkby Lonsdale 

 District, in the eastern portion of the Arnside District, in the 

 Grange District, and in the eastern portion of Furness. Nearly 

 everywhere it forms the summit of the limestone hills, notably 

 Earlton Knott, Wharton Crag, Whitbarrow, Hampsfell, Birkrigg 

 Common, and many minor elevations. 



(7i9) The Daviesiella-Jlangollensis Band. 



This interesting band is confined to the southern end of the 

 Shap and llavenstonedale Districts, where it appears to lie a little 

 above the base of the Lower Dihunoiyliyllum Sub-zone, as shown by 

 its position relative to the Bryozoa Band and by its association 

 with Productus cf. maximus. ^o specimens of Dibunophyllum 

 have, however, been found associated with it. Daviesiella llan- 

 gollensis would seem, therefore, to have entered the North-Western 

 Province slightly later than it appeared in !North Wales, as its 

 horizon in the latter region is usually assigned to S., of the South- 

 AVestern Province. 



