488 PEOr. E. J. GARWOOD ON THE LOAVER CARBONIFEROUS [DeC. I9I2, 



and spines oi Archceocidaris, together with the plates oi Palcecliinus. 

 This layer has been largely quarried in the neighbourhood of Keld, 

 and slabs from this horizon form a feature of the walls in the 

 neighbourhood ; the exposures are, however, now grassed over. 

 Above the (7.-pro«va Band occurs a series of dun-coloured mag- 

 nesian limestones, which are w^ell exposed in the lower portion 

 of Docker Beck, west of the main road ; these contain numerous 

 drusy cavities, but have yielded no fossils. 



North of Shap the Solenopora Sub-zone thins out gradually, and 

 fossils are scarce. To the south-east very few exposures occur 

 at this horizon, until we reach the neighbourhood of Pawcett Mill 

 and Kelleth. 



The Seminula - gregaria Sub-zone: the Productus- 

 glohosus Band. 



The algal layer lying at the base of the band attains its 

 fullest development in this district. On the line of section it is 

 found cropping out in the field above the Abbey Cliff ; but it is 

 better exposed in Docker Beck, at the base of the old quarry beside 

 Force Bridge, 300 yards south of the Greyhound Inn. The 

 general outcrop over the district is shown on the map (PI. LIII). 

 The most important exposures occur between Chapel Beck and 

 Kewbiggin, and include a curious series of thin undulating sheets 

 of limestone apparently representing another form of algal growth. 



The main portion of the band is exposed in the Porce-Bridge 

 quarry, where it is represented by the hard purple dolomite behind 

 the lime-kiln. The band is not very fossiliferous, but contains the 

 chief forms characteristic of this horizon (tabulated on p. 463), and, 

 in addition, specimens of Murcliisonia marri and examples of the 

 teeth of CJiomatodus cinctus. 



Parther south, a third of a mile beyond Shap Toll-Bar, occurs 

 an old excavation now grassed over, first pointed out to me by 

 Dr. J. E. Marr. It has yielded a comparatively rich fauna, 

 especially characterized by the large number of gastropods, notably 

 Murchisonia marri, for which it is the type-locality. The fossils 

 occur in a pale buff-coloured magnesian limestone, most of the 

 shells being replaced by crystalline calcite. In the upper part of 

 the quarry, this bed is succeeded by a dark dun-coloured rock 

 containing numerous casts of Syringothyris cusjndata and Aihyris 

 glahristria. 



Fauna. 



ArchcBosigillaria vanuxemi Goppei-t. 



Aihyris glahristria (Phill.). 

 Seminula gregaria (M'Coy), alDuiidant. 

 Syringothyris cu?.pidata (Mart.). 



Aviculopecten sp. 



Conularia quadrisulcata Sbj. 

 Euomphalus acutus Sby. 

 FUmingia suturalis (Phi]}.). 

 Loxonema acutum de Kon. 



Loxonema rugifcrum Phill. 

 Murchisonia marri Donald, abundant. 

 Naticopsis (PUeopsis) neritoides 



(Phill.). 

 Pleurotomaria {Ptychomphalus) vittata 



Phill. 



Fautilus hiangiilatus Sby. 

 Cycloceras Icevigatum M'Coy. 

 Orthoceras sp. 



Leperditla okeni. 



