Vol. 68.J STJCCESSIOK IN THE NOETH-WEST OP ENGLANIi. 489 



This development is somewliat exceptional, the gastropod fauna 

 being unusually rich. When the band next appears near Fawcett 

 Mill, 5^ miles to the south-east, the character of the deposit, as 

 well as its fauna, has resumed the normal development. The 

 rock here consists of a grey compact limestone, containing patches 

 crowded with RhynchonelUi faivcettensis and Productus rotunduSy 

 together with a few examples of Pr. glohosus. Above the Pr.- 

 cflobosus Band in Docker Beck the beds are composed of unfossili- 

 ferous dun-coloured dolomites which contain occasional 'fucoid^ 

 impressions, similar to those found at identically the same horizon 

 at Meathop (Arnside District). 



The Thysanophyllum-pseudovermiculare Band crops out 

 •as a low escarpment in Shap village, between the railway-station and 

 the old Moot Hall. The rock is a compact grey limestone ; and the 

 coral occurs in reef-like masses, accompanied by ' f acoid ' impres- 

 sions and early examples of Productus cf. corrugato-liemispliericus. 

 The outcrop of the band is influenced by the shallow synclinal fold 

 which alters the strike of the beds to the east of Rosgill ; it crosses 

 the village of Shap, and runs north-westwards to the neighbourhood 

 of Helton Elecket. Along this line it is exposed in several shallow 

 workings. In Docker Beck this band forms the lower waterfall 

 about 350 yards east of the railway-arch. The rock here contains 

 oolitic layers, with Bellerojyhon costatus and Seminula gregaria. 

 Everywhere in the neighbourhood of Shap this band is thin and 

 inconstant, but increases in importance as it is traced in a south- 

 -easterly direction. It is well exposed on Birkbeck- Fells Common, 

 in Hais Beck, and on Ravenstonedale Moor. The beds overlying the 

 T/iysanoj^hyllum Hand form the lower waterfall in Docker Beck, and 

 are rich in Bellerophon. They are still composed of magnesian lime- 

 stones, but are, on the whole, more calcareous and show a marked 

 tendency to oolitic structure. Above the lower waterfall, the bed 

 of the stream forms a nearly level reach covered with alluvium. 



The Brownber Pebble-Bod is not well seen in Docker 

 Beck, but a good exposure occurs in the railway- cutting east of 

 Shap village, behind St. Michael's Church, where it immediately 

 overlies the Thysanop)liyUum Band. It is here over 20 feet thick, 

 and contains SyringotJiyHs cuspidata, CamaropJioria isorJiyncha, and 

 Athyr'is glabristria. The bed is not well exposed between Shap and 

 Orton ; but to the east of the latter village it has been extensively 

 quarried on Ilavenstonedale Moor, about three-quarters of a mile 

 north of Wath. This is the best exposure of the bed, and its 

 special petrographical characters can be well studied ; it is also 

 more fossiliferous here than elsewhere, and the faunal list tabu- 

 lated on p. 465 is chiefly compiled from this section. Still farther 

 east it is exposed in the type-locality, near Brownber, in a 

 small cutting by the roadside, west of the railway-arch. There 

 are good reasons for supposing that this bed is contemporaneous 

 with similar pebble-beds found at the base of the succession in the 

 ^.Westmorland portion of the Pennine Chain, and that the pebbles 



