500 PKOE. E.J. GARWOOD ON THE LOWEE CAPxBONIFEEOrS [DoC. 1912^ 



The C am ar ot ce cilia-pro a V a Band attains its maximum de- 

 velopment in Stone Gill, where it cannot be far short of 700 feet in 

 thickness, and consists of a compact porcellanons limestone contain- 

 ing layers crowded with the index-fossil. Another good exposure 

 of this band occurs near Piper Hole in the line of section, where it 

 is undei'lain by the Palcechinus Limestone, which in turn overlies 

 a black calcareous shale containing Modiola, etc. 



The SeminuJ a-gr eg aria Sub-zone. — The Productus- 

 glohosus Baud, with the algal layer at its base, enters the district 

 at Priar Bottom immediately east of the railway. It crops out 

 at intervals between here and the Dent Fault. An interesting 

 exposure at about this horizon occurs in a small quarry on the north 

 side of the road between Eavenstonedale and Claylands. Here a 

 red calcareous shale is seen crowded with specimens of Stenophragma 

 lohatum Munro, apparently a new^ form of Trepostomatous Bryozoa,. 

 of an irregularly lobate habit. ^ Examples also occur of an inter- 

 esting compound coral, which shows affinities both with Thysano- 

 pliyllurn and with Lonsdalia.' 



A good section, showing the relation of the band to the overlying 

 Thysanopliylliim Band, is seen opposite Brunt-Hill Farm, where about 

 80 feet of fossiliferous shales and limestones are exposed. Fossils 

 obtained from this section are included in the general list (p. 463). 



The Thysanopliyllam Band is w^ ell developed in this district ; 

 its outcrop is shown on the map (PL LIIl). 



Localities. — Cowplaud Sike, Breakyneck Scar, Blea-Flatt 

 Sj)inney, and near Brunt Hill. The exposure in Cowplaud Sike is 

 remarkable for the abundance of well-grown specimens of Fistuli- 

 pora incrusians. 



The Brownber Pebble-Bed, exposed at the tj-pe-locality 

 west of the railway, crops out again above the Thysanopliyllwn 

 Band on the west side of Scandal Beck, but it is only seen in two 

 small exposures at the eastern end of the district : one at a point a 

 little north-east of Claylands Farm, and the other in Tarn Sike, east 

 of Crooks Beck. In both of these places it appears to be thinning 

 out southwards. 



Tl\ie Michelinia Zone is better developed and better exposed 

 here than in the Shap District; it is, however, difficult to say 

 what thickness of beds should be included in the Chonetes-carinata 

 Sub-zone of the Arnside District. Michelinia grandis has been 

 collected in an old quarry by the roadside immediately opposite 

 Blea-Flatt Farm, and again at one or two points between Keld 

 Sike and Ashfell Farm. The beds are shaly impure limestones, often 

 stained red, and the fossils are usually siliciiied ; specimens of a small 

 form of Productus corrugato-liemispliericus abound, and these are 



^ Described in Appendix II, pp. 57f-76. 



2 Pending the tliorough revision of this group, the description of this forui 

 has been defen-ed. 



