508 PEOF. E. J. GAEWOOD OK THE LOWEE CAEBONIFEEOTJS [DgC. I912, 



The relation of the rocks of the ISIeathop outlier to the 

 Michelinia Beds at Arnside is naturally to some extent problem- 

 atical, but there appears to be no good reason why the two 

 exposures should not form portions of a coutiDuous sequence 

 separated by the Kent estuary, since beds containing Michelinia, 

 identical with the highest Meathop beds, occur immediately below 

 the shales of the Clionetes-carinata Sub-zone at Frith Hall, 

 Elliscales. The main north-and-south fault which runs through 

 Lindale continues southwards into Morecambe Bay, passing between 

 Holme Island and Meathop Eeli, and brings the beds, near the top 

 of the Lower JJihunophyllum Sub-zone, on the island, against the 

 beds of the Atliyris-glabristria Zone of the Meathop section. It 

 is exactly here that Morecambe Bay ends and the narrow estuaries 

 of the Kent and the Gilpin begin. There is no evidence of an east- 

 and-west fault in the Kent estuary, though the Gilpin-estuary fault 

 is probably continuous with the Arnside-Carnforth disturbance 

 which runs past Siiverdale Station. Again, the dip of the Meathop 

 beds on the south side is the same, in direction and amount, as that 

 of the beds whicli crop out on the Arnside shore a mile away. 



The Clionetes-carinata Sub-zone is admirably exposed 

 along the shore between Arnside and Blackstone Point. The rocks 

 here consist of dark-grey, somewhat nodular, bituminous limestones, 

 with partings of shaly calcareous mudstone. The strike of the beds 

 coincides generally with the trend of the coast-line, and the different 

 layers of the sub-zone are exposed at short intervals in a series 

 of anticlines and domes. The best exposures occur in the cliff 

 between Mr. Crossfield's boat-house and the Corporation bathing- 

 shed, but fossiliferous outcrops also occur at intervals along the 

 foreshore between the Crown Hotel and ISTew Barns Farm. 



In the cliff near the boat-house the beds are compressed into 

 a sharp synclinal fold, the eastern limb of which is replaced by a 

 fault : several small dislocations also occur farther east, produced by 

 a series of overthrusts from the west ; while a fault runs along 

 the foot of the cliff, the beds in its neighbourhood being traversed by 

 calcite-veins. These beds must lie near the top of the zone, for the 

 first Diphyphylloid Lithostrotion is met wdth here, in the synclinal 

 fold, about 25 feet above the beach. This coral is again found 

 abundantly at Blackstone Point, and resembles very closely a form 

 occurring at about the same horizon in Tarn Sikes (Ravenstone- 

 dale). The bed in which it is found may be convenientl}" taken as 

 the base of the Productiis-corru(jato-hemisj)hericns Zone. A little 

 farther west, a vertical fault plastered with breccia-fragments 

 passes through the face of the old quarry. West of the bathing- 

 shed lower beds are exposed, including several layers of a shaly 

 mudstone which abounds in specimens of Michelinia granclis and 

 M. tenuisej^ta. M'Coy's type-specimen of 31. granclis, from these 

 beds at Arnside, has for many years been referred to M. megastoma 

 of Phillips ; and the type-specimen is so labelled in the Sedgwick 

 Museum, on the supposition that it was a synonym for Phillips's 

 species. Pending the revision of the species of this genus, M'Coy's 



