Vol. 6S,'] SUCCESSION IN THE NOETH- WEST OF ENGLAND. 



51 



this bed that the specimen was obtained which is figured by 

 Davidson from the Kendal District/ This bed appears to be the 

 attenuated representative of the Brownber Pebble-Bed of the Shap 

 District, as it occurs at about the same horizon ; while the presence 

 of Syringotliyris cuspidata is in keeping with this view. The band- 

 also closely resembles the gritty compact limestone with S. cus- 

 pidata, which crops out in Swindale Beck behind Eoman Eell, ini 

 the Pennine District. The following species occur in this bed ^ : — 



Cyatho'pliyllum cf. multUamellatum 

 M'Coj. 



Zaphrentis konincM Ed. & H. (muta- 

 tion). 



Reticularia lineata (Mart.). 



Rhipidomella onichelini (L'Eveille). 

 Spirifer Jurcatus M'Coy. 

 Syrmyothyris cmpidata (Mart.). 



Aviculojoeden sp. 



The Michelinia Zone. — The most important outcrop of this 

 zone occurs along the face of the western escarpment ; but the zone 

 is again exposed on the east side of the district at Kettlewell, where 

 it is brought up by an offshoot of the main Kendal fault. The lower 

 sub-zone, corresponding to the beds which occupy the summit of 

 Meathop Fell, is only found on the western escarpment, where 

 it is represented by 20 to 30 feet of pale, somewhat platy, sili- 

 ceous limestone, which crops out on each side of the cart-track 

 immediately above Crag Mollet. This bed contains large examples 

 of Michelinia grandis, together with CamaropJioria isorhynclia. On 

 the west side of the track, at a slightly lower horizon, the limestone 

 contains abundant remains of Cyatliopliyllum cf. multilamellatum> 

 partly silicified. These are the earliest examples of Cyatho- 

 pliyUum met with in the North-Western Province, and are found 

 also at this horizon at Hall Head, in the outlier at Grayrigg, and 

 at Cat Crag and Broad Oak in the Grange District. 



The Clionetes-carinata Sub-zone crops out at intervals 

 along the foot of the main escarpment below Helsington Barrows ;. 

 but the beds are best exposed in the cutting for the Brigsteer- 

 Kendal road. The total thickness of the Michelinia Zone here is- 

 between 150 and 170 feet. The beds of the upper portion of the- 

 zone consist of impure limestone and shaly calcareous mudstone,. 

 similar to those seen in the Storth-Road section and on the fore- 

 shore at Arnside ; and, though not abundantly fossiliferous, they 

 contain most of the characteristic species of the sub-zone. Thi* 

 section is an important one, since it shows clearly the position of 

 the Thysanophyllum Band relatively to the overlying Michelinia 

 Zone. Farther north, the beds are well exposed on each side of 

 the Kendal-Underbarrow road. As in the case of the underlying 



^ ' Brit. Foss. Brachiopoda ' Monogr. Palteont. See. vol. ii (1858-63) pi. viii^ 

 fig. 20. 



- This bed is mentioned by Mr. R. H. Tiddeman in the revised Survey Memoir 

 on the district, and correlated by him with a portion of the Orton Sandstone^ 

 Series, one of the many examples of the careful deductions made by that acute 

 observer on stratigraphical grounds alone. See ' The Greology of the Conntry 

 around Kendal, &c.' Mem. Geol. Surv. 2nd ed. (1888) p. 29. 



