522 PEOr. E. J. GAEWOOD ox THE LOWEE CAEBOXIFEEOUS [DeC. 1912^ 



Tiilier, described above; and, as there are no beds of Lower 

 Dihuiiophyllum age on the north, there is evidently a considerable 

 dislocation in this neighbourhood. 



Another interesting example of the value of the zonal method 

 in detecting disturbances in these rocks may be quoted from this 

 district. On the eastern edge of the Carboniferous Limestone area, 

 the Kendal Fault is shown in the Geological Survey map as curving 

 outwards rather sharply to the east near Summerlands. This 

 protruding portion of Carboniferous rocks should, therefore, con- 

 sist of the highest beds in the district, as the dip, when last seen, 

 is eastwards. Fortunately, an exposure is met with in some small 

 quarries in Eskrigg "Wood, just where the greatest eastward exten- 

 sion or these Carboniferous rocks is shown in the Geological Survey 

 map. The following forms have been obtained from these beds : — 



Syringopora {i\\ gcniculafa Phill. 

 Seminula a&.Jicoidea Yaugban. 



Calcareous alga. 



CararpcypliyUum ciliatum. sp. nov. 

 LophophyUum meathopensc, sp. nov. 



This fauna is met with nowhere in the Xorth-Western Province^ 

 except at the base of the Semimda-gregaria Sub- zone : therefore 

 this protruding portion of the Carboniferous outcrop must belong, 

 not to the western side of the Kendal Fault, but to the Silurian 

 area on its eastern side, as shown in the accompanying map 

 (PI. LIV). It must once have formed part of a continuous spread 

 of limestone overlying the Silurian on the upthrow or eastern 

 side of the fault, of which the outliers at Strickley, Low Bendrigg, 

 Grayrigg, and Skelsmergh are the fragmentary remains. 



The Kirkby Lonsdale District. 



This district comprises the area occupied by Lower Carboni- 

 ferous rocks between the Kendal Fault, south of Farleton, and the 

 Dent Fault. It constitutes, on the whole, the most complicated 

 portion of the x^orth- Western Province. This complication is due, 

 in the first place, to the existence of a large number of important 

 dislocations ; and secondly to the fact that, so far as the upper beds 

 of the series are concerned, they occupy a geographical position 

 intermediate between the Yoredale type on the north and east, and 

 the knoll-reef type which characterizes the area south and west of 

 the Craven Faults. 



The chief dislocations run in a general north- and-south direction^ 

 but have a tendency to converge on points, usually northwards, 

 so as to enclose triangular areas of Carboniferous rocks, as shown 

 in the accompanying map (PI. LIY). 



The Atliyris-glahristria Zone. — A small thickness of rocks 

 which appear to belong to this zone occurs at the northern or 

 pointed end of the western triangular inlier north of Luptoii 

 Hall. The beds are exposed on both sides of the road to Lupton- 

 Row Farm, and consist of compact dolomite very much crushed.. 



