Vol. 68.] SUCCESSION IN THE NORTH-WEST OF ENGLAND. 



523 



The only organic remains that have been obtained from them are 

 badly-preserved remnants of calcareous algae and Seminula c/regaria. 

 The occurrence of these fossils, taken together with the lithological 

 character of the beds and their position (apparently underlying the 

 horizon to be next described), leaves little doubt that they belong 

 to the upper portion of the Athyris-glahristria Zone, although the 

 country immediately south of these outcrops unfortunately affords 

 no exposures. 



The Miclielinia Zone. — In the neighbourhood of Hunger 

 Hills, on the east side of the outlier, a good section of dark earthy 

 limestones beloiiging to the upper portion of the Miclielinia Zone 

 is exposed in an old quarry close to the eastern boundary-fault, 

 while smaller outcrops of the same horizon occur farther west. 

 The beds contain the following fossils : — 



Caninia cylindrica (Scouler). 

 Diphyphyllum aff. lateseptatum 



M'Coy. 

 Michelinia grandis M'Coy. 

 Syringopora cf. distans Fischer. 



Athyris expansa (Phill.). 



Chonetes carinata, sp. nov. (MS.). 

 Productits cf. corrugato-hemispliericus 



Vanghan. 

 BhipidojneUa micheUni (L'Eveille). 

 ScheUivieneUa crenist^^ia (Phill.) ; the 



large Arnside form. 



In the upper portion of this exposure occur also Zaplirentis 

 enniskilleni and Clisiophyllum multiseptatum, which mark the 

 passage-band at the summit of the Miclielinia Zone in the Arnside 

 District. 



The Productus corrugato-hemispliericus Zone. — The 

 beds of the lower portion of this zone are not well exposed, but 

 occupy the ground east of the road in the neighbourhood of Lupton 

 Hall, where they are seen in a small anticlinal fold. The Cyrtina- 

 carhonaria Beds have not been noticed in this exposure ; but a pale 

 crystalline limestone with Nematopliyllum minus and Chonetes 

 2oapilionacea is exposed on the west side of the road above the 

 lime-kiln opposite Lupton Hall, where the beds are crushed and 

 veined with calcite in the neighbourhood of the western fault. 

 The strike of the beds, as shown on the map, leaves little room for 

 doubt that the outlier is bounded by faults or thrusts on both its 

 eastern and western margins. 



The triangular mass of Lower Carboniferous rocks lying between 

 Farleton village and Hutton Koof, which culminates in the con- 

 spicuous escarpment of Farleton Fell, forms another isolated mass, 

 cut off apparently on all sides by faults. It includes a complete 

 succession of the zones, from the summit of the Miclielinia Zone 

 up to the base of the Upper Dihunopliyllum Sub-zone. The beds 

 dip in a south-easterly direction, the lowest beds being exposed 

 near Farleton village. The succession is normal up to the summit 

 of the Lower Dihunopliyllum Sub-zone, which includes examples 

 of the lower ' spotted ' beds : these are well exposed in Clawthorpe 

 Quarries. 



