-534 PROF, E. J. GAEWOOD 02^ THE LOWER CARBONIFEROUS [DeC. I912, 



the zone are seen in the quarry half-a-mile west of Stainton on the 

 •road from Dalton to Dendron. 



The Cyrtina-septosa Band is exposed in the old quarries at 

 Xifctle Urswick, on the shore below Sea Wood and on Chapel Island. 



The Upper Dihunopliyllum Sub-zone occupies much of 

 the district to the south of Little Urswick, between ilawkfield and 

 Gleaston. The development here resembles the southern orKirkby 

 Lonsdale type, and the limestone near the base contains the 

 following species : — 



Aulophylhim cf. 'pachyendothecum 



Tliomson. 

 (Caninia cf. suhihicina M'Coy. 

 Dihunopliyllum turhinatinn M'Coy. 



Atliyvis exjxtnsa (Phill.)- 

 Afhyris planosulcata (Phill.). 

 Cliothyris royssi (L'Eveille). 

 €amarop]ioria crumena (Mart.). 

 ■€honetes laguessiana de Kon. 

 LeptcBna analog a Phill. 

 Martinia glabra (Mart.). 

 Froductus cf. auriUis Phill. 

 Froductiis costatus Sby. 

 Froductus fimhriatus Sby. 



Prodactus giganteus Mart. 

 Froductus latissimus Sby. 

 Froductus pugilis Phill. 

 Frodtictus scabriculus Mart. 

 Froductus semireticulatus Mart. 

 Froductus cf. spinulosus Sby. 

 Froductus cf. youngianus Dav. 

 Reiicidaria lineata (Mart.).^ 

 Ehipidomella michelini (L'Eveille). 

 Spirifer bisulcatus Sby. 

 Spirifer pingicis Sby. 

 Spirifer triangularis Mart. 

 Spiriferina octoplicata Sby. 



Fliillipsia eichiualdi Fischer. 



VII. The AVestmorlak"d Peknijstes and the Middleton-in-Teesdale 



District. 



A portion of the Pennine escarpment east of Appleby lies in 

 the county of Westmorland. This Carboniferous tract is separated 

 from the Shap District by the Permian and Triassic rocks which 

 occupy the Yale of Eden, and by the Pennine Uault. 



Eor purposes of comparison with the rest of the North- Western 

 Province, the lower beds of the Pennine escarpment which are 

 exposed at intervals between Great Rundale Beck and Great 

 Musgrave Scar have been especially studied ; the rocks here appear 

 to include the lowest horizons met with along the escarpment, and 

 .are less disturbed by faults than those which occupy the country 

 farther south. 



The higher beds in the same area have also been examined, but the 

 results recorded here are limited to a comparison with the general 

 sequence already described; no attempt is made to give an exhaustive 

 account of the fauna of the Yoredale rocks of the northern portion 

 of the Pennine Chain. 



The succession in Upper Teesdale includes a series of marine beds 

 in the neighbourhood of Botany to the south of Middleton, mapped 

 by the ofhcers of the Geological Survey as Millstone Grit. Though 

 i3ot in Westmorland, the series forms a direct continuation of 

 the Westmorland succession, and is included here, as it is the 

 only district where a sequence from the Lower to the Upper 

 Carboniferous rocks can be readily obtained in the K"orth-Western 

 Province. 



