564 PROF. E.J. GARWOOD OX THE LOWER CARBOXIFEROrS [DeC. I9I2, 



bridge, so that there can be no mistake as to the form which is 

 characteristic of the Upper Productus-corrugato-liemisphericus Zone 

 in the j^orth-AVestern Province. It is for this reason that M'Coy's 

 name has been adopted for this zonal form in the stratigraphical 

 portion of this paper. At the same time, there is good reason to 

 suppose that this species is sj'nonymous with Lithostrotion hasalti- 

 forme of several authors. Llwydd's original type of Lithostrotion is 

 a basaltiform species, as shown by his figure, and not a dendroid 

 form; but, unfortunately, we do not know the horizon in Wales 

 from Avhich it was obtained.^ 



Phillips's type of Cyatlioijliyllum hasaltiforme '■^ came from 

 Moughton Scar in Eibblesdale, where JS\ minus occurs abundantly 

 at the same horizon as in the Kendal District ; but, as the figures 

 and description are very inferior to M'Coy's, it has been considered 

 better to emphasize the latter for stratigraphical identification. 



Conybeare & Phillips's name L. hasaltiforme (1822) has been 

 widely adopted for all large basaltiform corals of that genus from the 

 Carboniferous rocks ; indeed M'Coy's tj'pe-specimens in the Sedg- 

 wick Museum are so labelled, and appear under this title in Mr. 

 Woods's Catalogue of the type-fossils in the Sedgwick Museum. 



Some confusion may arise from M'Coy's statement that the 

 corallites are inseparably united, and cannot be divided. This 

 statement is not true of the Kendal specimens, and the separation 

 or non-separation of the corallites appears to be entirely a question 

 of mode of preservation and weathering. The separation of the 

 corallites is most difficult to effect in specimens which have been 

 entirely recrystallized. 



A'aughaxia,' gen. uov. (PI. XLVIII, fig. 7 & text-figs. 4-6, p. 565.) 



Corallum discoid, upper surface convex, margin lobulate ; size 

 variable, specimens occur measuring up to 5 cms. in diameter. 

 Thickness in centre = 3 or 4 mm., becoming somewhat less towards 

 the margin. Base concave, covered with a well-marked wrinkled 

 epitheca, wrinkles arranged in festoon-like concentric folds parallel 

 to the margin. Corallum apparently free. Corallites very short, 

 closely set, polygonal, as a rule irregularly hexagonal; on an average, 

 ten corallites occur in a length of 4-5 cm. Calices shallow, rather 

 over 1 mm. deep, walls less than 0*75 mm. thick ; floors nearly 

 smooth and flat, but curving upwards at the margins to meet the 

 base of the walls. 



In well-preserved specimens the surface of the walls presents a 

 somewhat rugose appearance, resembling Nicholson's figure of 

 Cleistopora geometrica,'^ but there are no definite ridges or striae 

 representing septa. 



1 ' Lithophyllacii Bi-itannici Ichnographia' epistola 5, tab. xxiii(1760). 



2 ' Geol. of^Yorks.' pt. ii (1836) p. 202 & pi. ii, fig. 21. 



^ I have named this new genus in honour of Dr. Arthur Vaugban, and in 

 testimony of my admiration for bis epoch-making work among the Lower 

 ^Carboniferous rocks and fossils. 



4 Geol. Mag. dee. 3, vol. v (1888) p. 151. 



