REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 1916 271 



6500 feet from south to north. They all have an easterly dip and 

 northerly pitch and have been worked by open cutting or by drift- 

 ing under cover. The Cook mine, however, was worked through a 

 vertical shaft and had underground connections with the Scott 

 deposit, which also was tapped by a slope. There is little of the 

 early workings in this part now accessible, but the ore as seen in 

 place near the outcrop measures up to 25 feet thick. Altogether the 

 resources still remaining in the various mines are undoubtedly very 

 large since they were worked in early times for the rich ore alone 

 that could be used directly in the furnace, and as a rule all the 

 material that could not be so employed was left in the walls. There 

 is no evidence also that the mines have been bottomed. The ore 

 supply would maintain a large mill for many years. 



MINERAL WATERS 

 The production of mineral and potable spring waters for public 

 sale constitutes an important branch of the mineral industry of the 

 State, though perhaps seldom considered in that light. Not only is 

 a large revenue derived from the bottling and shipment of such 

 waters, but some of the spring localities by virtue of their waters 

 have become favorite resorts for tourists and health-seekers and 

 thus become indirect sources of income of large importance. Sara- 

 toga Springs, Ballston Springs, Richfield Springs, Sharon Springs 

 and Lebanon Springs are among the number that will be first called 

 to mind in such connection. They illustrate also the variety of 

 waters which are to be found within the state limits. Saratoga 

 and Ballston yield waters of alkaline-saline character, of wide range 

 of composition. They are further characterized by the presence of 

 carbon dioxid in free state to the extent often of two or three 

 times the volume of the water. The waters are mostly drunk, both 

 for table use -and for therapeutic purposes. The application of the 

 highly carbonated waters to bathing has become an important 

 feature of the cure at Saratoga. At Richfield and Sharon the waters 

 are sulphurous and charged with alkalies and alkaline earths. They 

 are employed mainly for bathing. Waters that contain important 

 quantities of sulphur as sulphureted hydrogen, are obtained at 

 Clifton Springs, Massena Springs, and many other localities. Leb- 

 anon in Columbia county is the only example of a thermal spring 

 in the State, its water issuing at a temperature of 75 °, winter and 

 summer, indicative of a deep source. It is only slightly mineralized, 



