264 REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES. 



escape of the fish when ouce in the bowl. For the description and 

 illustrations of this (Figs. 7 to 12) I am indebted to Mr. James W. Miluer. 



^is- ■^^ Thepound-netsarecommonlymade 



of 20-thiead soft laid seiue-twine, net- 

 ted by hand or woven by macbinerj^, 

 and well saturated witb tar. They 

 have several parts, termed the 

 "leader," the "heart," the ^•pot," 

 "bowl," or "crib," and the "tunnel." 



The Leader, (Fig. 7.) — The leader 

 is merely a net fence that guides the 

 fishes, in their attempt to get around 

 it, into the heart. 



Small piles, of six or seven inches 

 diameter, are driven into the lake- 

 bottom, until about two feet only 

 stand above the surface. The piles 

 Fiff. 8. 



Fis 



extend in a row, four rods apart, for a length of from sixty to two hundred rods, gen- 

 erally beginning near the shore, and extending directlj^ out into the lake, but often 

 started where there are favorable shoals, as far as four, and once even six miles from the 

 shore. Upon these piles a net is stretched, extending from the top of the water to the 

 bottom. The leader is made in pieces, ten rods in length. The top of the net is se- 

 cured to the pile by a short rope, and weights are attached to the bottom, stones weigh- 

 ing from fifty to seventy-five pounds, every two rods. The mesh of the leader is 4i inches. 

 The Heart, (Figure 7.) — The shape of its outline gives this part of the net its name. 

 Each side of the heart is a net, eight rods in length, set close to the lake-bottom, and 

 reaching above the water two feet. The shore ends are secured to piles, driven each 

 ten feet from the last pile of the leader, leaving an opening or entrance ten feet wide, 

 on ench side of th(; lea(ler, through which the fish pass. I'he net is carried round inside 

 of piles, arranged in the outline of the sides of a heart, until the outer emls approach 

 each otlun- to within ten feet, the width of the tunnel. Tlu^se ends are tied fast to 

 scantling, (/>, fig. 11) and the scantlings are fastened snugly to the piles on each side of 

 the tunnel-()i)('ning. The lower end of each scantling has attached an iron ring, which 

 is i)ut over the up])er end of the iiile and slid dow'u to the bottom, while the upper end 

 of the scantling is lashed to the head of the pile. There are three other piles on each 

 side, besides tlioso at the (Mids. Tlu^ net is secured at the to]) by guys, threi' feet long, 

 and th(! bottom is weighted with stones, the same as the leader, opposite and between 

 the piles. The mesh of the heart is usually Wh to 4 inches, extension measure. 



