INVERTEBRATE ANIMALS OF VINEYARD S V ND, ETC. G97 



Sable, 8 fathoms. Not observed on the eastern part of the coast of 

 Maine, nor in the Bay of Fundy. Very common in Loug Ishiud Sound, 

 Buzzard's Bay, Yineyard Souud ; along both shores of Long Island; 

 Xew Jersey, and southward ; low-water to 12 fathoms. Southern part 

 of Saiut George's Bank, 20 fathoms, (S. I. Smith). 



Fossil in the Post-Pliocene of North and South Carolina; and in the 

 Pliocene of South Oaroliua. 



Linne gave •' Pennsylvania" as one of the localities for his A. epMppi- 

 um^ and, therefore, probably confounded our shell with the European 

 species, as most subsequent writers have done. Gould has well described 

 our species in its different states, under the names quoted above, fig- 

 ures 499 of the second edition (our figures 241, 242), represent the ordi- 

 nary adult form, which is every where abundant on the southern shores 

 of New England. The specimens from Eastport, Maine, referred to A. 

 ephippium by Gould, were undoubtedly the smooth or squamose variety 

 of the following species. 



AN03riA ACULEATA Gmeliu. Plate XXXII, figs. 239, 240, 240^ (p. 

 495.) 



Syst. Nat., p. 3346, 1790 ; Gould, Invert., eel. i, p. 139, fig. 90 ; ed. ii, p. 204, fig. 

 498. 



Long Island to Labrador, and northern coasts of Europe. Off Ston- 

 ington, Connecticut, 4 to 5 fathoms rocky; off Gay Head, 10 fathoms, 

 scarce ; very common in Casco Bay, Bay of Fundy, and northward, low- 

 water to 80 fathoms. Greenport andMontauk, Long Island (S. Smith). 



Varieties of this species occur frequently in the Bay of Fundy and 

 Casco Bay, in which the aculeate scales are more or less abortive, or 

 even entirely absent, leaving the surface either nearly smooth or irregu- 

 larly squamose, but such varieties are easily distinguished from the 

 young of the preceding species. 



This may possibly be a variety of the true epliipplum of Europe, as 

 supposed by man^' writers, but 1 believe it to be perfectly distinct from 

 A. glabra. 



OsTREA ViRGiNiANA Lister, (pp. 310, 472.) 



Favanne, Conch., Plate 41, fig C 2, 1780 (t. Gould) ; Gould, luvert., ed. i, p. 136 ; 

 ed. ii, p. 202; Verrill, Amer. Jour. Science, vol. iii, p. 213, 1872. Ostrea Virgin- 

 ica Gmelin, Syst. Nat., p. .3336, 1790 ; Lamarck, Anim. sans Vert., ed, ii, vol. vii, 

 p. 225. Ostrea horealis Lamarck, op. cit., p. 220 ; Gould, Invert., ed. i, p. 137 ; 

 ed. ii, p. 203; Dekay, op. cit., p. 169, Plate 10, figs. 203, 204. Ostrea Canadensis 

 Bruguiere, Encycl. Meth., Plate 180, figs. 1-3 ; Lamarck, op. cit., p. 226 ; Han- 

 ley, Recent Shells, p. 299. 



Florida and the northen shores of the Gulf of Mexico to Massachu- 

 setts Bay; local farther north, off Damariscotta, Maine, aud iu the 

 southern part of the Gulf of Saint Lawrence, at Priuce Edward 

 Island, in Xorthumberland Straits, and Bay of Chaleur. Not found 

 along the eastern shores of Maiue, nor in the Bay of Fundy. Abundant 



