INVERTEBRATE ANIMALS OF VINEYARD SOUND, ETC. 747 



and closer together, often more or less confused with those next behind 

 them. Color, yellowish brown, darker centrally; or pale yellowish, 

 thickly specked with yellowish brown. Length, about 7™"^ to 9™°', 

 breadth, 5°^°^ to 6^"^. 

 Thimble Islands, 1 to 2 fathoms, among alg?e. 



Bryozoa. 

 Gemellaria loricata Busk. 



Catal. Mar. Polyzoa, Brit. Mus., part i, p. 34 ; Smitt, op, cit., p. 235, Plate 17, fig. 

 54. Sertularia loricata Liuu6, Syst. Nat., ed. x, p. 285 (t. Smitt), Gemellaria 

 loriculata Jolinston, Brit. Zoopb., eel. ii, pp. 293, 477, Plate 47, figs. 12, 13. 



Nantucket to the Arctic Ocean ; northern coasts of Europe to Great 

 Britain. Very common in Casco Bay and Bay of Fundy, low-water to 

 110 fathoms. 



The specimens from Kantucket differ somewhat from the ordinary 

 form. They consist of rather dense tufts of stout stems, two or three 

 inches high, and rather sparingly branched. The cells are larger than 

 usual, elongated obovate, five or six times as long as broad j those of 

 the same pair are not exactly opposite. Aperture deeply crescent- 

 shaped, facing a little outward. Many of the cells, toward the base of 

 the stems, give rise to one or more curious processes from near the base 

 of the cell ; these are, at first, slender tubes, rising from a thin roundish 

 spot on the cell, but soon they divide at the tip into two, three, or 

 four forks, which are at first regularly recurved j later these become 

 much elongated, and are converted into slender rootlets or stolons. 



