﻿6 
  

  

  PROCEEDINGS 
  OF 
  THE 
  GEOLOGICAL 
  SOCIETY. 
  [NoV. 
  4, 
  

  

  Notes 
  on 
  the 
  Geology 
  of 
  a 
  Portion 
  of 
  the 
  Nile 
  Valley 
  north 
  of 
  

   the 
  Second 
  Cataract 
  in 
  Nubia, 
  taken 
  chiefly 
  with 
  the 
  view 
  of 
  

   inducing 
  further 
  Search 
  for 
  Fluviattle 
  Shells 
  at 
  High 
  Levels. 
  

   By 
  A. 
  Leith 
  Adams, 
  A.M., 
  M.B., 
  Surgeon 
  H.M. 
  22nd 
  Regiment. 
  

   With 
  a 
  Note 
  on 
  the 
  Shells; 
  by 
  S. 
  P. 
  Woodward, 
  Esq., 
  F.G.S. 
  : 
  

   and 
  a 
  Note 
  on 
  some 
  Teeth 
  of 
  Hippopotamus 
  ; 
  by 
  Hugh 
  Falconer, 
  

   M.D., 
  F.R.S., 
  F.G.S. 
  

  

  [Communicated 
  by 
  Leonard 
  Horner, 
  Esq., 
  V.P.G.S.] 
  

   Contents. 
  

  

  5. 
  The 
  Granitic 
  Rocks 
  of 
  the 
  Nile 
  

  

  Valley. 
  

  

  6. 
  Freshwater 
  Shells 
  on 
  the 
  Ter- 
  

  

  races. 
  

  

  7. 
  Ravines 
  east 
  of 
  Philae, 
  with 
  Allu- 
  

  

  vium 
  and 
  freshwater 
  Shells. 
  

  

  8. 
  Philse. 
  

  

  9. 
  Assuan 
  and 
  vicinity. 
  

  

  10. 
  Ornbos 
  and 
  vicinity. 
  

  

  11. 
  Selsileh 
  and 
  vicinity. 
  

   III. 
  Conclusion. 
  

  

  I. 
  Introduction. 
  

   II. 
  Physical 
  character 
  of 
  the 
  Nile 
  Val- 
  

   ley 
  in 
  Nubia, 
  from 
  Selsileh 
  to 
  

   the 
  Second 
  Cataract. 
  

  

  1. 
  Sandstone 
  and 
  Sand-drift 
  of 
  Nu- 
  

  

  bia. 
  

  

  2. 
  Alluvial 
  heaps 
  of 
  lateral 
  Water- 
  

  

  courses. 
  

  

  3. 
  Terraces 
  of 
  the 
  Valley 
  ; 
  their 
  

  

  Cliffs 
  and 
  Caves. 
  

  

  4. 
  Relation 
  of 
  Temples 
  and 
  Caves 
  to 
  

  

  the 
  River-level. 
  

  

  I. 
  Introduction. 
  — 
  The 
  following 
  observations 
  were 
  made 
  during 
  

   November 
  1862 
  and 
  the 
  two 
  following 
  months, 
  when 
  engaged 
  with 
  

   my 
  friend 
  the 
  late 
  Mr. 
  A. 
  H. 
  Rhind, 
  F.S.A., 
  in 
  making 
  the 
  usual 
  

   boat- 
  voyage 
  from 
  Cairo 
  to 
  the 
  Second 
  Cataract 
  and 
  back*. 
  That 
  

   distinguished 
  antiquary's 
  knowledge 
  of 
  ancient 
  Egyptian 
  history, 
  

   and 
  his 
  having 
  formed 
  a 
  design 
  of 
  investigating 
  the 
  Nile-levels 
  with 
  

   reference 
  to 
  the 
  records 
  of 
  the 
  country, 
  afforded 
  me 
  great 
  advan- 
  

   tages 
  in 
  carrying 
  out 
  my 
  intentions 
  in 
  connexion 
  with 
  the 
  still 
  older 
  

   memorials 
  of 
  the 
  river-valley. 
  Although 
  well 
  aware 
  of 
  the 
  imper- 
  

   fections 
  of 
  these 
  notes, 
  I 
  am 
  not 
  without 
  hope 
  that 
  they 
  may 
  prove 
  

   of 
  interest 
  to 
  the 
  scientific 
  inquirer. 
  Every 
  field-naturalist 
  knows 
  

   how 
  difficult 
  it 
  is 
  to 
  work 
  at 
  two 
  widely 
  different 
  subjects 
  at 
  the 
  same 
  

   time, 
  — 
  such 
  was 
  my 
  case 
  on 
  the 
  above 
  occasion 
  ; 
  for 
  with 
  gun 
  and 
  

   hammer 
  (as 
  former 
  experiences 
  have 
  taught 
  me) 
  I 
  found 
  it 
  no 
  easy 
  

   matter 
  to 
  fulfil 
  the 
  requirements 
  of 
  an 
  ornithologist 
  and 
  also 
  to 
  study 
  

   the 
  minutiae 
  of 
  geology, 
  especially 
  as 
  during 
  our 
  late 
  excursion 
  I 
  

   seldom 
  remained 
  more 
  than 
  a 
  few 
  hours 
  in 
  any 
  one 
  locality 
  ; 
  more- 
  

   over, 
  when 
  starting 
  for 
  Egypt, 
  I 
  had 
  no 
  idea 
  of 
  the 
  nature 
  of 
  the 
  

   geological 
  work 
  before 
  me, 
  and, 
  therefore, 
  I 
  was 
  not 
  provided 
  with 
  

   the 
  necessary 
  instruments 
  for 
  the 
  exact 
  determination 
  of 
  heights. 
  I 
  

   am 
  conscious, 
  however, 
  that 
  any 
  error 
  in 
  this 
  respect 
  falls 
  short 
  of 
  the 
  

   truth, 
  inasmuch 
  as. 
  in 
  each 
  case, 
  I 
  invariably 
  adopted 
  the 
  minimum 
  

   of 
  our 
  united 
  surmises. 
  This 
  confession 
  I 
  consider 
  absolutely 
  neces- 
  

   sary 
  with 
  reference 
  to 
  such 
  an 
  important 
  discovery 
  as 
  the 
  finding 
  of 
  

   freshwater 
  Shells 
  at 
  the 
  altitudes 
  herein 
  recorded. 
  

  

  Before 
  proceeding 
  to 
  my 
  subject, 
  I 
  may 
  remark 
  that 
  my 
  late 
  

   companion 
  continued 
  his 
  survey 
  to 
  the 
  Delta. 
  Being 
  sensible 
  of 
  the 
  

   great 
  amount 
  of 
  care 
  and 
  diligence 
  Mr. 
  Bhind 
  brought 
  to 
  bear 
  on 
  

  

  * 
  The 
  specimens 
  accompanying 
  the 
  paper 
  are 
  in 
  the 
  Society's 
  Museum 
  ; 
  the 
  

   names 
  of 
  Shells 
  quoted 
  are 
  on 
  the 
  authority 
  of 
  Mr. 
  S. 
  P. 
  Woodward 
  : 
  see 
  p. 
  19. 
  

  

  