﻿1863.] 
  JE1STKIXS 
  JAVAN 
  FOSSILS. 
  53 
  

  

  ridges 
  on 
  the 
  interior 
  of 
  the 
  outer 
  lip. 
  This 
  may 
  be 
  a 
  variation; 
  

   but 
  it 
  may 
  also 
  be 
  due 
  to 
  the 
  fact 
  of 
  the 
  nacreous 
  inner 
  layer 
  not 
  

   being 
  preserved 
  in 
  the 
  fossil. 
  At 
  any 
  rate, 
  as 
  the 
  Javan 
  specimen 
  

   agrees 
  in 
  every 
  other 
  respect 
  remarkably 
  well 
  with 
  recent 
  examples, 
  

   this 
  difference 
  does 
  not 
  appear 
  to 
  be 
  of 
  specific 
  value. 
  

  

  Dimensions 
  (imperfect 
  specimen). 
  — 
  Length 
  1^- 
  inch, 
  breadth 
  1^ 
  

   inch 
  ; 
  length 
  of 
  aperture 
  1\ 
  inch, 
  greatest 
  breadth 
  -^ 
  inch. 
  

  

  Matrix. 
  — 
  The 
  same 
  as 
  that 
  of 
  Murex 
  Grooti. 
  

  

  Although 
  a 
  well-known 
  species, 
  I 
  have 
  given 
  a 
  complete 
  descrip- 
  

   tion 
  of 
  it 
  because 
  it 
  has 
  never 
  before 
  been 
  described 
  as 
  a 
  fossil, 
  

   and 
  the 
  diagnoses 
  given 
  of 
  recent 
  Shells 
  are 
  rarely 
  of 
  much 
  value 
  

   to 
  the 
  palaeontologist, 
  who 
  is 
  obliged 
  to 
  determine 
  species 
  by 
  means 
  

   of 
  more 
  lasting 
  but 
  less 
  evident 
  characters 
  than 
  those 
  commonly 
  

   appealed 
  to 
  by 
  the 
  conchologist. 
  

  

  5. 
  Pykttla 
  Javanis, 
  spec. 
  nov. 
  PI. 
  VI. 
  figs. 
  3 
  a, 
  3 
  6. 
  

  

  Shell 
  thick, 
  fusiformly 
  pear-shaped, 
  with 
  a 
  slightly 
  elevated 
  spire. 
  

   Whorls 
  convex, 
  longitudinally 
  ribbed, 
  transversely 
  ridged, 
  nearly 
  

   flat 
  above, 
  the 
  flat 
  upper 
  portion 
  being 
  marked 
  by 
  three 
  rather 
  distant 
  

   ridges 
  ; 
  ribs 
  thick, 
  broad, 
  convex, 
  dying 
  away 
  towards 
  the 
  base 
  ; 
  

   suture 
  distinct, 
  slightly 
  sinuous, 
  on 
  an 
  elevated 
  rim 
  or 
  band 
  which 
  

   is 
  separated 
  from 
  the 
  rest 
  of 
  the 
  whorl 
  by 
  a 
  deep 
  groove. 
  Aperture 
  

   narrowly 
  spathulate 
  ; 
  outer 
  lip 
  marked 
  interiorly 
  by 
  about 
  twelve 
  

   distinct 
  ridges 
  ; 
  inner 
  lip 
  indistinct. 
  

  

  This 
  fossil 
  is 
  allied 
  to 
  Pyrula 
  lactea, 
  Eeeve, 
  a 
  species 
  now 
  inha- 
  

   biting 
  the 
  coasts 
  of 
  the 
  Philippine 
  Islands 
  ; 
  the 
  latter, 
  however, 
  has 
  

   the 
  whorls 
  crowned 
  with 
  indistinct 
  tubercles 
  (the 
  bases 
  of 
  which 
  

   extend 
  downwards), 
  rather 
  than 
  having 
  distinct 
  ribs; 
  and 
  these 
  

   tubercles 
  or 
  ribs 
  are 
  nearly 
  twice 
  as 
  numerous 
  as 
  in 
  Pyrula 
  Javanis. 
  

   There 
  are 
  also 
  other 
  differences 
  of 
  detail, 
  especially 
  as 
  regards 
  the 
  

   character 
  of 
  the 
  suture, 
  which 
  is 
  rather 
  peculiar 
  in 
  this 
  fossil 
  ; 
  but 
  

   the 
  general 
  resemblance 
  is 
  very 
  great. 
  

  

  Pyrula 
  Javanis 
  is 
  also 
  allied 
  to 
  P. 
  cochlidium, 
  but 
  the 
  resemblance 
  

   between 
  them 
  is 
  not 
  sufficiently 
  close 
  to 
  render 
  probable 
  the 
  chance 
  

   of 
  their 
  being 
  mistaken 
  for 
  one 
  another. 
  

  

  Dimensions. 
  — 
  Length 
  If 
  inch, 
  breadth 
  1^ 
  inch 
  ; 
  length 
  of 
  aper- 
  

   ture 
  l^j 
  inch, 
  greatest 
  breadth 
  -i- 
  inch. 
  

  

  Matrix. 
  — 
  Greenish 
  sandy 
  marl. 
  

  

  6. 
  Purpura 
  umbilicata, 
  spec. 
  nov. 
  PL 
  VI. 
  figs. 
  5 
  a, 
  5 
  b. 
  

  

  Shell 
  ovate, 
  thick, 
  largely 
  umbilicate, 
  transversely 
  striated, 
  with 
  

   a 
  conical, 
  rather 
  long, 
  acuminate 
  spire, 
  equalling 
  or 
  exceeding 
  in 
  

   length 
  the 
  rest 
  of 
  the 
  shell 
  ; 
  striae 
  with 
  a 
  binary 
  arrangement, 
  very 
  

   numerous, 
  deeply 
  impressed. 
  Whorls 
  convex, 
  declining 
  next 
  the 
  

   suture, 
  then 
  subangular, 
  and 
  crowned 
  with 
  one 
  row 
  of 
  short, 
  acute, 
  

   slightly 
  recurved 
  spines. 
  Umbilicus 
  expanded, 
  with 
  a 
  thick, 
  angu- 
  

   lar, 
  slightly 
  ascending 
  marginal 
  rim 
  ; 
  aperture 
  obovate-oblong 
  ; 
  inner 
  

   lip 
  thick 
  ; 
  canal 
  curved 
  outwards 
  and 
  backwards. 
  

  

  The 
  nearest 
  ally 
  to 
  this 
  species 
  is 
  the 
  recent 
  Purpura 
  carinifera, 
  

   Lam. 
  ; 
  but 
  the 
  former 
  is 
  easily 
  distinguished 
  from 
  that 
  and 
  all 
  other 
  

  

  