﻿122 
  

  

  PROCEEDINGS 
  OF 
  THE 
  GEOLOGICAL 
  SOCIETY. 
  [Jan. 
  20, 
  

  

  1. 
  Observations 
  on 
  Supposed 
  Glacial 
  Drift 
  in 
  27i<? 
  Labrador 
  Penin- 
  

   sula, 
  Western 
  Canada, 
  and 
  on 
  the 
  South 
  Branch 
  of 
  the 
  Sas- 
  

   katchewan. 
  By 
  Henry 
  Youle 
  Hind, 
  Esq., 
  M.A., 
  F.R.G.S., 
  

   Professor 
  of 
  Geology 
  in 
  Trinity 
  College, 
  Toronto. 
  

  

  (Communicated 
  by 
  the 
  President.) 
  

  

  Contents. 
  

  

  1. 
  The 
  Boulders 
  on 
  the 
  flanks 
  of 
  the 
  

  

  Table-land 
  of 
  the 
  Labrador 
  Penin- 
  

   sula. 
  

  

  2. 
  The 
  forced 
  Arrangement 
  of 
  Blocks 
  

  

  of 
  Limestone, 
  &c, 
  in 
  the 
  Blue 
  

   Clay 
  at 
  Toronto, 
  and 
  on 
  the 
  

   South 
  Branch 
  of 
  the 
  Saskat- 
  

   chewan. 
  

  

  3. 
  The 
  Driftless 
  Area 
  in 
  Wisconsin. 
  

  

  4. 
  Beaches 
  and 
  Terraces. 
  

  

  5. 
  Anchor-ice 
  — 
  Excavation 
  of 
  Lake- 
  

  

  basins. 
  

  

  6. 
  Parallelism 
  of 
  Escarpments 
  in 
  

  

  America. 
  

  

  7. 
  Conclusion. 
  

  

  § 
  1. 
  The 
  Boulders 
  on 
  the 
  flanks 
  of 
  the 
  Table-land 
  of 
  the 
  Labrador 
  

  

  Peninsula. 
  

  

  During 
  an 
  exploration 
  of 
  a 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  interior 
  of 
  the 
  Labrador 
  

   Peninsula 
  in 
  1861, 
  1 
  had 
  an 
  opportunity 
  of 
  observing 
  the 
  extraordi- 
  

   nary 
  number, 
  magnitude, 
  and 
  distribution 
  of 
  the 
  erratics 
  in 
  the 
  valley 
  

   of 
  the 
  Moisie 
  River 
  and 
  some 
  of 
  its 
  tributaries, 
  as 
  far 
  north 
  as 
  the 
  

   south 
  edge 
  of 
  the 
  table-land 
  of 
  the 
  Labrador 
  Peninsula 
  (lat. 
  51° 
  50' 
  N., 
  

   long. 
  66° 
  W.), 
  and 
  about 
  110 
  miles 
  due 
  north 
  of 
  the 
  Gulf 
  of 
  St. 
  

   Lawrence. 
  Boulders 
  of 
  large 
  dimensions, 
  10 
  to 
  20 
  feet 
  in 
  diameter, 
  

   began 
  to 
  be 
  numerous 
  at 
  the 
  Mountain 
  Portage, 
  1460 
  feet 
  above 
  the 
  

   sea, 
  and 
  60 
  miles 
  in 
  an 
  air-line 
  from 
  the 
  mouth 
  of 
  the 
  Moisie 
  River. 
  

   They 
  were 
  perched 
  upon 
  the 
  summits 
  of 
  peaks 
  estimated 
  to 
  be 
  1500 
  

   feet 
  above 
  the 
  point 
  of 
  view, 
  or 
  nearly 
  3000 
  feet 
  above 
  the 
  sea-level, 
  

   and 
  were 
  observed 
  to 
  occupy 
  the 
  edges 
  of 
  cliffs, 
  to 
  be 
  scattered 
  over 
  

   the 
  slopes 
  of 
  mountain-ranges, 
  and 
  to 
  be 
  massed 
  in 
  great 
  numbers 
  

   in 
  the 
  intervening 
  valleys. 
  

  

  At 
  the 
  " 
  Burnt 
  Portage" 
  on 
  the 
  north-east 
  branch 
  of 
  the 
  Moisie, 
  

   nearly 
  100 
  miles 
  in 
  an 
  air-line 
  from 
  the 
  Gulf 
  of 
  St. 
  Lawrence, 
  

   and 
  1850 
  feet 
  above 
  the 
  ocean, 
  the 
  low 
  gneissoid 
  hills 
  for 
  many 
  

   miles 
  round 
  were 
  seen 
  to 
  be 
  strewed 
  with 
  erratics 
  wherever 
  a 
  lodg- 
  

   ment 
  for 
  them 
  could 
  be 
  found. 
  The 
  valleys 
  (one 
  to 
  two 
  miles 
  broad) 
  

   were 
  not 
  only 
  floored 
  with 
  them, 
  but 
  they 
  lay 
  there 
  in 
  tiers, 
  three 
  

   or 
  more 
  deep. 
  Close 
  to 
  the 
  banks 
  of 
  the 
  rivers 
  and 
  lakes 
  near 
  the 
  

   " 
  Burnt 
  Portage," 
  where 
  the 
  mosses 
  and 
  lichens 
  have 
  been 
  destroyed 
  

   by 
  fire, 
  very 
  coarse 
  sand 
  conceals 
  the 
  rocks 
  beneath, 
  but 
  on 
  ascend- 
  

   ing 
  an 
  eminence 
  away 
  from 
  the 
  immediate 
  banks 
  of 
  the 
  river 
  the 
  

   true 
  character 
  of 
  the 
  country 
  becomes 
  apparent. 
  At 
  the 
  base 
  of 
  

   the 
  gneissoid 
  hills 
  which 
  limit 
  the 
  valley 
  of 
  the 
  east 
  branch 
  (about 
  

   three 
  miles 
  broad) 
  at 
  this 
  point, 
  they 
  are 
  observed 
  to 
  lie 
  two 
  or 
  

   three 
  deep, 
  and 
  although 
  of 
  large 
  dimensions, 
  that 
  is 
  from 
  5 
  to 
  

   20 
  feet 
  in 
  diameter, 
  they 
  are 
  nearly 
  all 
  ice- 
  or 
  water-worn, 
  with 
  

   rounded 
  edges, 
  and 
  generally 
  polished 
  or 
  smoothed. 
  These 
  accumula- 
  

   tions 
  of 
  erratics 
  frequently 
  form 
  tongues, 
  or 
  spots, 
  at 
  the 
  termination 
  

   of 
  small 
  projecting 
  promontories 
  in 
  the 
  hill-ranges. 
  I 
  have 
  several 
  

   times 
  counted 
  three 
  tiers 
  of 
  these 
  travelled 
  rocks 
  where 
  the 
  mosses, 
  

  

  