﻿1864.] 
  

  

  WYATT 
  FLINT 
  IMPLEMENTS 
  AND 
  FOSSIL 
  MAMMALIA. 
  

  

  185 
  

  

  the 
  current 
  of 
  the 
  ancient 
  Post- 
  

   pliocene 
  river 
  had 
  eddied 
  round 
  

   it, 
  depositing 
  a 
  large 
  bed 
  of 
  gravel, 
  

   silt, 
  and 
  mud 
  on 
  one 
  flank, 
  and 
  

   subsequently 
  shifting 
  its 
  course. 
  

  

  The 
  excavation 
  by 
  the 
  railway 
  

   contractors 
  gave 
  a 
  transverse 
  sec- 
  

   tion 
  of 
  the 
  deposit; 
  and 
  beds 
  of 
  

   gravel, 
  of 
  the 
  depth 
  stated, 
  were 
  

   shown 
  between 
  the 
  alluvial 
  soil 
  

   and 
  the 
  Oolitic 
  clay 
  at 
  the 
  base. 
  

   The 
  gravel 
  was 
  similar 
  to 
  that 
  at 
  p§ 
  

   Biddenham, 
  stibangular, 
  and 
  com- 
  jjs 
  

   posed 
  of 
  flint, 
  limestone, 
  New 
  Red 
  <» 
  

   Sandstone, 
  trap, 
  and 
  various 
  old 
  g 
  

   rocks 
  — 
  just 
  such 
  a 
  collection 
  as 
  is 
  "f; 
  

   found 
  in 
  the 
  neighbouring 
  hills 
  of 
  g 
  

   Boulder-clay; 
  but 
  some 
  of 
  the 
  peb- 
  1 
  

   bles 
  are 
  much 
  rolled. 
  The 
  section 
  &Q 
  

   presented 
  none 
  of 
  those 
  contortions 
  ^ 
  

   of 
  the 
  strata 
  which 
  are 
  so 
  frequently 
  § 
  

   displayed 
  at 
  Biddenham 
  ; 
  but 
  the 
  hg 
  

   layers 
  of 
  gravel, 
  sand, 
  and 
  mud 
  were 
  ^ 
  

   unusually 
  conformable, 
  the 
  con- 
  S 
  

   stant 
  deposit, 
  of 
  the 
  current 
  appa- 
  ^ 
  

   rently 
  extending 
  over 
  a 
  long 
  period 
  g 
  

   of 
  time 
  ; 
  while 
  the 
  large 
  quantity 
  of 
  i 
  

   marginal 
  and 
  land- 
  shells 
  at 
  differ- 
  fc^ 
  

   ent 
  depths, 
  the 
  marks 
  of 
  vegetable 
  © 
  

   fibres 
  in 
  the 
  mud, 
  and 
  the 
  black 
  g 
  

   streaks 
  as 
  from 
  decomposed 
  wood 
  ■*§ 
  

   indicate 
  a 
  long 
  continuance 
  of 
  this 
  § 
  

   as 
  a 
  bank 
  or 
  shoal 
  line. 
  There 
  § 
  

   were 
  three 
  very 
  distinct 
  layers 
  of 
  ^ 
  

   mud; 
  those 
  at 
  the 
  depths 
  of 
  | 
  

   9 
  feet 
  and 
  12 
  feet 
  from 
  the 
  surface 
  ^ 
  

   contained 
  an 
  immense 
  number 
  of 
  § 
  

   land 
  and 
  freshwater 
  Shells. 
  A 
  '-§ 
  

   collection 
  of 
  these 
  I 
  have 
  sub- 
  &§ 
  

   mitted 
  to 
  Mr. 
  Gwyn 
  Jeffreys, 
  who 
  

   has 
  kindly 
  furnished 
  the 
  following 
  

   list 
  : 
  — 
  " 
  In 
  the 
  first 
  layer 
  (at 
  the 
  

   depth 
  of 
  6 
  feet) 
  were 
  Vdlvata 
  

   piscinalis, 
  V. 
  acuminata, 
  Pupa 
  

   marginata, 
  Ancylus 
  Jluviatilis, 
  

   Pisidiwn 
  amnicum, 
  P. 
  fontinale, 
  

   var. 
  pulchella, 
  var. 
  Henslovnana, 
  

   Limncea 
  peregra, 
  L. 
  truncatula, 
  

   Helix 
  hispida, 
  H. 
  pulchella, 
  Plan- 
  

   orbis 
  spirorbis, 
  Bithynia 
  tentacu- 
  

  

  pq 
  

  

  

  xafc--'-" 
  

  

  .S 
  

  

  fc> 
  s 
  

  

  ^3 
  

  

  ft 
  

  

  Br-* 
  

  

  « 
  

  

  