﻿1864.] 
  EVANS 
  FLINT 
  IMPLEMENTS 
  IN 
  HANTS 
  AND 
  WILTS. 
  189 
  

  

  We 
  examined 
  the 
  cliff 
  eastward 
  from 
  Hook, 
  nearly 
  to 
  Lee, 
  a 
  

   distance 
  of 
  three 
  miles, 
  and 
  found 
  it 
  to 
  consist 
  of 
  sands 
  of 
  the 
  

   Bracklesham 
  series, 
  capped 
  with 
  gravelly 
  beds 
  in 
  many 
  places 
  10 
  to 
  

   12 
  feet 
  thick, 
  and 
  in 
  some 
  as 
  much 
  as 
  15 
  or 
  16 
  feet. 
  They 
  are 
  

   almost 
  continuous, 
  and 
  rest 
  on 
  a 
  nearly 
  horizontal 
  base, 
  except 
  

   where 
  the 
  cliff 
  is 
  intersected 
  by 
  transverse 
  valleys 
  draining 
  portions 
  

   of 
  the 
  adjacent 
  country, 
  as 
  at 
  Hook, 
  Chilling, 
  Brunage, 
  and 
  Hill 
  

   Head. 
  

  

  The 
  gravel 
  consists 
  almost 
  entirely 
  of 
  subangular 
  Chalk-flints, 
  

   among 
  which 
  are 
  some 
  of 
  considerable 
  size, 
  and 
  some 
  quite 
  fresh 
  

   and 
  unrolled. 
  There 
  are 
  also 
  a 
  few 
  large 
  sandstone 
  -blocks 
  of 
  Ter- 
  

   tiary 
  origin 
  in 
  the 
  beds, 
  and 
  several 
  on 
  the 
  shore, 
  apparently 
  derived 
  

   from 
  the 
  gravel. 
  Of 
  these 
  we 
  measured 
  one 
  which 
  was 
  six 
  feet 
  by 
  

   three 
  feet 
  four 
  inches, 
  and 
  one 
  foot 
  six 
  inches 
  thick 
  ; 
  and 
  another 
  

   which 
  was 
  22 
  feet 
  in 
  circumference, 
  and 
  fully 
  two 
  feet 
  six 
  inches 
  

   thick. 
  There 
  are 
  a 
  few 
  quartz- 
  and 
  chert-pebbles 
  in 
  the 
  gravel 
  ; 
  

   there 
  are 
  also 
  a 
  few 
  sandy 
  seams 
  with 
  false 
  bedding 
  intercalated 
  

   in 
  it, 
  as 
  well 
  as 
  some 
  loess 
  -like 
  and 
  marly 
  seams 
  ; 
  between 
  Brunage 
  

   and 
  Hill 
  Head 
  there 
  is 
  a 
  band 
  of 
  loam 
  three 
  feet 
  to 
  four 
  feet 
  in 
  

   thickness, 
  continuous 
  for 
  some 
  distance, 
  a 
  little 
  below 
  the 
  top 
  of 
  

   the 
  cliff. 
  

  

  Some 
  of 
  the 
  flints 
  in 
  the 
  gravel 
  are 
  almost 
  unstained, 
  but 
  the 
  

   great 
  majority 
  have 
  their 
  surface 
  considerably 
  altered, 
  and 
  are 
  either 
  

   white, 
  grey, 
  or 
  ochreous, 
  in 
  some 
  cases 
  with 
  a 
  porcellanous 
  lustre. 
  

   The 
  Implements 
  have 
  precisely 
  the 
  same 
  character 
  of 
  surface, 
  and, 
  

   though 
  not 
  as 
  yet 
  found 
  in 
  situ, 
  it 
  can 
  be 
  proved 
  almost 
  to 
  demon- 
  

   stration 
  that 
  they 
  are 
  derived 
  from 
  the 
  gravel 
  capping 
  the 
  cliff, 
  as 
  

   that 
  is 
  the 
  only 
  available 
  source 
  for 
  the 
  whole 
  of 
  the 
  shingle 
  on 
  the 
  

   beach. 
  

  

  We 
  were 
  unable 
  to 
  discover 
  any 
  traces 
  of 
  Shells 
  or 
  Bones 
  in 
  the 
  

   gravel, 
  nor 
  had 
  it 
  in 
  any 
  way 
  the 
  appearance 
  of 
  being 
  a 
  raised 
  

   beach. 
  On 
  the 
  contrary, 
  it 
  had 
  many 
  of 
  the 
  characteristics 
  of 
  being 
  

   a 
  fluviatile 
  gravel, 
  as 
  will 
  have 
  been 
  observed 
  from 
  the 
  description 
  

   already 
  given. 
  The 
  area 
  covered 
  by 
  these 
  drift-beds 
  appears 
  to 
  be 
  

   very 
  extensive. 
  They 
  seem 
  to 
  cap 
  the 
  cliffs 
  as 
  far 
  as 
  the 
  shingle- 
  

   beds 
  near 
  Alverstoke, 
  S.W. 
  of 
  Gosport, 
  and 
  we 
  found 
  what 
  was 
  

   apparently 
  the 
  same 
  gravel 
  in 
  several 
  places 
  between 
  the 
  coast 
  and 
  

   Titchfield 
  and 
  Fareham. 
  Mr. 
  Prestwich 
  informs 
  me 
  that 
  they 
  also 
  

   extend 
  along 
  the 
  coast 
  to 
  Southampton, 
  and 
  are 
  moreover 
  found 
  on 
  

   the 
  other 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  Southampton 
  W'ater. 
  Taking 
  all 
  things 
  into 
  

   account, 
  there 
  can 
  indeed 
  be 
  but 
  little 
  doubt 
  that 
  these 
  gravel-beds 
  are 
  

   merely 
  an 
  extension 
  of 
  the 
  valley-gravels 
  of 
  the 
  rivers 
  Test, 
  Itchen, 
  

   Hamble, 
  and 
  other 
  streams, 
  which, 
  at 
  the 
  time 
  they 
  were 
  deposited, 
  

   flowed 
  at 
  this 
  spot 
  in 
  one 
  united 
  broad 
  stream, 
  at 
  an 
  elevation 
  some 
  

   forty 
  feet 
  above 
  the 
  existing 
  level 
  of 
  their 
  outfall, 
  over 
  a 
  country 
  

   which 
  has 
  since, 
  by 
  erosive 
  action, 
  been 
  in 
  part 
  converted 
  into 
  the 
  

   Southampton 
  Water. 
  Such 
  an 
  alteration 
  in 
  the 
  relative 
  positions 
  

   of 
  land 
  and 
  water 
  may 
  seem 
  to 
  claim 
  for 
  the 
  Flint 
  Implements 
  con- 
  

   tained 
  in 
  the 
  gravel 
  an 
  almost 
  fabulous 
  antiquity 
  ; 
  but 
  it 
  must 
  be 
  

   remembered 
  that 
  at 
  Eeculver 
  we 
  have 
  a 
  perfectly 
  parallel 
  instance 
  

  

  