﻿251 
  PROCEEDINGS 
  OP 
  THE 
  GEOLOGICAL 
  SOCIETY. 
  [Mar. 
  23, 
  

  

  The 
  valleys 
  which 
  form 
  the 
  lateral 
  boundaries 
  of 
  the 
  Peak 
  are 
  

   scooped 
  down 
  to 
  the 
  base 
  of 
  the 
  Yoredale 
  Grit, 
  without 
  penetrating 
  

   to 
  the 
  limestone. 
  This 
  sandstone 
  is 
  here 
  of 
  considerable 
  thickness, 
  

   not 
  less 
  than 
  500 
  feet, 
  often 
  massive 
  and 
  compact. 
  

  

  The 
  Yoredale 
  Grit 
  forms 
  a 
  series 
  of 
  table-lands 
  of 
  less 
  elevation 
  

   than 
  The 
  Peak, 
  intersected 
  by 
  deep 
  gorges 
  all 
  round 
  The 
  Peak, 
  except 
  

   on 
  the 
  west 
  and 
  south 
  sides, 
  where 
  it 
  forms 
  the 
  long 
  round-backed 
  

   ridge 
  between 
  Lose 
  Hill 
  and 
  Mam 
  Tor. 
  To 
  the 
  east 
  of 
  Derwent 
  Dale, 
  

   however, 
  the 
  Kinder 
  Scout 
  Grit 
  sets 
  in 
  with 
  an 
  easterly 
  dip 
  along 
  

   the 
  fine 
  escarpment 
  of 
  Derwent 
  Edge, 
  1773 
  feet 
  in 
  height, 
  beyond 
  

   which 
  the 
  ridges 
  of 
  the 
  third, 
  second, 
  and 
  first 
  grits 
  rise 
  in 
  succes- 
  

   sion, 
  all 
  the 
  beds 
  of 
  which 
  dip 
  beneath 
  the 
  Yorkshire 
  Coal-field. 
  

  

  d. 
  Whaley 
  Bridge 
  and 
  Saltersford 
  Valley. 
  Position 
  of 
  Mocks 
  at 
  

   the 
  surface. 
  — 
  Along 
  this 
  section 
  of 
  country 
  the 
  structure 
  of 
  the 
  beds 
  

   is 
  remarkably 
  symmetrical. 
  It 
  may 
  be 
  described 
  in 
  a 
  few 
  words 
  as 
  

   a 
  trough 
  bounded 
  on 
  either 
  side 
  by 
  anticlinals. 
  The 
  geological 
  fea- 
  

   tures 
  which 
  we 
  attempted 
  to 
  describe, 
  as 
  expressed 
  by 
  two 
  parallel 
  

   lines 
  of 
  fracture 
  in 
  the 
  Mottram 
  and 
  Glossop 
  district, 
  here 
  resolve 
  

   themselves 
  into 
  undulations. 
  In 
  order 
  to 
  understand 
  its 
  structure, 
  

   we 
  cannot 
  do 
  better 
  than 
  follow 
  a 
  line 
  of 
  section 
  (fig. 
  4) 
  from 
  east 
  to 
  

   west, 
  which 
  we 
  have 
  here 
  drawn 
  through 
  a 
  distance 
  of 
  ten 
  miles. 
  

  

  We 
  commence 
  on 
  the 
  Carboniferous 
  Limestone 
  a 
  few 
  miles 
  north 
  

   of 
  Buxton, 
  and 
  not 
  far 
  from 
  its 
  extreme 
  northerly 
  extension. 
  The 
  

   limestone 
  dips 
  to 
  the 
  westward 
  under 
  the 
  Yoredale 
  series, 
  here 
  ap- 
  

   parently 
  thin, 
  which 
  is 
  partially 
  due 
  to 
  the 
  presence 
  of 
  a 
  fault. 
  We 
  

   then 
  ascend 
  the 
  flanks 
  of 
  Combs 
  Moss, 
  and 
  cross 
  the 
  representatives 
  

   of 
  the 
  Kinder 
  Scout 
  Grit, 
  and 
  at 
  the 
  summit 
  reach 
  a 
  small 
  table- 
  

   land 
  formed 
  of 
  the 
  third 
  grit. 
  This 
  table-land, 
  unlike 
  that 
  of 
  The 
  

   Peak, 
  occupies 
  the 
  axis 
  of 
  a 
  slight 
  trough, 
  instead 
  of 
  an 
  anticlinal 
  

   or 
  saddle. 
  Along 
  the 
  western 
  flanks 
  the 
  beds 
  rise 
  to 
  the 
  west, 
  and 
  

   in 
  the 
  valley 
  we 
  reach 
  the 
  Yoredale 
  Rocks 
  forming 
  an 
  anticlinal 
  

   with 
  a 
  fault. 
  Having 
  crossed 
  this 
  the 
  dip 
  is 
  reversed, 
  and 
  we 
  

   ascend 
  to 
  the 
  ridge 
  of 
  Hazel 
  Hurst, 
  formed 
  of 
  the 
  third 
  grit 
  dipping 
  

   at 
  a 
  high 
  angle 
  to 
  the 
  west, 
  and 
  cross 
  successively 
  the 
  remaining 
  

   members 
  of 
  the 
  Millstone-grit, 
  until 
  we 
  reach 
  the 
  river 
  Goyt, 
  when 
  

   we 
  find 
  ourselves 
  in 
  the 
  axis 
  of 
  the 
  Goyt 
  Trough. 
  On 
  the 
  west 
  side 
  

   of 
  the 
  valley 
  we 
  cross 
  the 
  same 
  beds 
  on 
  the 
  easterly 
  dip, 
  and 
  descend 
  

   into 
  Saltersford 
  Valley, 
  along 
  which 
  runs 
  the 
  line 
  of 
  the 
  great 
  anti- 
  

   clinal 
  fault. 
  This 
  valley 
  is 
  scooped 
  far 
  down 
  into 
  the 
  Yoredale 
  beds. 
  

   On 
  the 
  opposite 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  valley 
  the 
  beds 
  roll 
  over, 
  and 
  maintain 
  

   the 
  westerly 
  dip 
  all 
  the 
  way 
  to 
  Bollington. 
  Here 
  the 
  millstones 
  dip 
  

   beneath 
  the 
  Lower 
  Coal-measures 
  of 
  Kerridge, 
  and 
  are 
  ultimately 
  cut 
  

   off 
  by 
  the 
  great 
  " 
  red 
  rock 
  fault 
  " 
  of 
  Cheshire. 
  

  

  Penological 
  details. 
  — 
  In 
  this 
  district 
  there 
  is 
  a 
  remarkable 
  change 
  

   in 
  the 
  character 
  of 
  the 
  Lower 
  Millstones 
  from 
  that 
  which 
  they 
  

   assume 
  further 
  north 
  in 
  the 
  direction 
  of 
  Glossop 
  and 
  Saddleworth. 
  

   In 
  the 
  first 
  place, 
  the 
  whole 
  series 
  below 
  the 
  third 
  grit 
  is 
  thinner, 
  

   and 
  along 
  with 
  this 
  thinning 
  of 
  the 
  beds 
  the 
  sandstones 
  become 
  

   finer 
  and 
  less 
  massive. 
  The 
  Kinder 
  Scout 
  Grit 
  along 
  both 
  sides 
  of 
  

   Saltersford 
  Valley, 
  and 
  along 
  the 
  flanks 
  of 
  Combs 
  Moss, 
  is 
  repre- 
  

  

  