﻿1864.] 
  HULL 
  AND 
  GREEN 
  ZVIILLSTONE-GRIT. 
  263 
  

  

  The 
  Third 
  Grit 
  occurs 
  in 
  this 
  basin 
  only 
  in 
  outliers 
  ; 
  it 
  is 
  often 
  

   very 
  coarse 
  and 
  massive, 
  but 
  in 
  places 
  has 
  already 
  become 
  a 
  soft 
  

   red 
  sandstone. 
  

  

  Passing 
  westward 
  to 
  the 
  grits 
  of 
  the 
  Biddulph 
  Trough, 
  we 
  find 
  

   there 
  only 
  a 
  few 
  very 
  doubtful 
  traces 
  of 
  the 
  fifth 
  bed. 
  The 
  fourth 
  

   is 
  quarried 
  under 
  Cloud 
  Hill, 
  where 
  it 
  has 
  much 
  the 
  same 
  character 
  as 
  

   at 
  Kudyerd, 
  but 
  is 
  not 
  so 
  thick. 
  Hence 
  it 
  may 
  be 
  traced 
  southwards 
  

   for 
  about 
  three 
  miles 
  to 
  Biddulph 
  Moor, 
  where 
  it 
  is 
  seen 
  in 
  a 
  brook- 
  

   section 
  to 
  have 
  become 
  very 
  flaggy. 
  It 
  must 
  soon 
  after 
  this 
  thin 
  

   away 
  altogether 
  ; 
  for 
  about 
  ten 
  miles 
  further 
  on 
  we 
  again 
  get 
  a 
  good 
  

   section 
  across 
  the 
  valley 
  below 
  the 
  escarpment 
  of 
  the 
  Third 
  Grit, 
  and 
  

   there 
  nothing 
  but 
  shale 
  is 
  found 
  between 
  that 
  rock 
  and 
  the 
  Yoredale 
  

   Quartzites 
  of 
  the 
  Biddulph 
  Anticlinal. 
  Here 
  again, 
  then, 
  we 
  have 
  

   reached 
  a 
  point 
  on 
  the 
  southerly 
  limit 
  of 
  the 
  Kinder 
  Scout 
  Grit. 
  

  

  The 
  third 
  and 
  first 
  beds 
  form 
  bold 
  and 
  well-marked 
  ridges 
  on 
  

   either 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  Biddulph 
  Trough. 
  They 
  are 
  both 
  coarse, 
  massive 
  

   gritstones 
  ; 
  but 
  it 
  is 
  worth 
  notice 
  that 
  in 
  places 
  they 
  have 
  exchanged 
  

   characters, 
  the 
  third 
  being 
  crumbly 
  and 
  suitable 
  for 
  grinding 
  down 
  

   into 
  sand, 
  while 
  the 
  first 
  is 
  close-grained, 
  and 
  is 
  used 
  as 
  a 
  building- 
  

   stone. 
  The 
  little 
  coal 
  lying 
  on 
  the 
  top 
  of 
  the 
  third 
  grit 
  has 
  been 
  

   worked 
  on 
  Congleton 
  Edge. 
  The 
  thickness 
  of 
  the 
  two 
  grits, 
  and 
  

   of 
  the 
  shales 
  between, 
  is 
  probably 
  altogether 
  not 
  more 
  than 
  300 
  

   feet; 
  so 
  that 
  the 
  Millstone-grit 
  has 
  here 
  dwindled 
  down 
  to 
  less 
  

   than 
  one-fourth 
  of 
  the 
  thickness 
  it 
  has 
  in 
  Lancashire. 
  

  

  Yoredale 
  Rocks. 
  — 
  The 
  whole 
  of 
  this 
  series 
  is 
  twice 
  brought 
  to 
  the 
  

   surface 
  along 
  the 
  line 
  of 
  section 
  we 
  are 
  now 
  describing 
  at 
  Mixon, 
  on 
  

   the 
  eastern 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  Goyt 
  Trough, 
  and 
  at 
  Astbury, 
  on 
  the 
  west 
  of 
  

   the 
  Biddulph 
  Trough. 
  The 
  first 
  section 
  shows 
  — 
  

  

  1. 
  Shales 
  and 
  a 
  thick 
  sandstone-bed 
  (A?) 
  

  

  2. 
  Shale 
  ^ 
  

  

  3. 
  Coarse 
  quartzose 
  conglomerate 
  ! 
  -p 
  

  

  4. 
  Shales 
  > 
  B 
  ' 
  

  

  5. 
  Hard 
  close-grained 
  quartzose 
  flagstones 
  and 
  shales 
  J 
  

  

  6. 
  Black 
  shales 
  with 
  thin 
  earthy 
  limestones 
  C. 
  

  

  The 
  sandstone-bed 
  in 
  No. 
  1 
  may 
  be 
  the 
  Yoredale 
  Grit 
  of 
  our 
  general 
  

   section, 
  but 
  its 
  outcrop 
  is 
  so 
  broken 
  by 
  faults, 
  and 
  so 
  hidden 
  by 
  drift, 
  

   that 
  it 
  cannot 
  be 
  traced 
  up 
  to 
  the 
  outcrop 
  of 
  that 
  bed 
  to 
  the 
  north. 
  

  

  The 
  conglomerate 
  (3) 
  is 
  found 
  at 
  the 
  western 
  foot 
  of 
  the 
  long 
  

   range 
  of 
  Morridge, 
  and 
  comes 
  out 
  again 
  on 
  SharpclifF, 
  about 
  a 
  couple 
  

   of 
  miles 
  to 
  the 
  S.AY. 
  ; 
  it 
  is 
  most 
  likely 
  only 
  of 
  local 
  occurrence. 
  

   Nos. 
  4 
  and 
  5 
  form 
  the 
  greater 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  Morridge 
  range, 
  and 
  would 
  

   seem 
  to 
  be 
  of 
  great 
  thickness 
  ; 
  but 
  this 
  is 
  probably 
  due 
  to 
  their 
  

   being 
  repeated, 
  once 
  or 
  oftener, 
  by 
  faults. 
  Some 
  of 
  the 
  lower 
  

   beds 
  of 
  this 
  group 
  are 
  sandstones 
  with 
  a 
  calcareous 
  cement, 
  full 
  of 
  

   broken 
  shells, 
  and 
  form 
  a 
  link 
  between 
  the 
  sandstones 
  above 
  and 
  the 
  

   limestones 
  of 
  the 
  group 
  below. 
  The 
  latter 
  are 
  well 
  seen 
  on 
  each 
  

   side 
  of 
  the 
  Mixon 
  Carboniferous 
  Limestone. 
  

  

  At 
  Astbury 
  we 
  have, 
  below 
  the 
  outcrop 
  of 
  the 
  third 
  grit 
  on 
  the 
  

   west 
  of 
  the 
  Biddulph 
  Trough 
  — 
  

  

  VOL. 
  XX. 
  PART 
  I. 
  T 
  

  

  