﻿1864.] 
  POWEIE 
  FOEFARSHIRE 
  FOSSILS. 
  423 
  

  

  been 
  found 
  in 
  a 
  sufficiently 
  complete 
  state 
  for 
  identification 
  ; 
  only 
  

   four 
  specimens 
  have 
  been 
  obtained, 
  and 
  these 
  are 
  all 
  more 
  or 
  less 
  

   imperfect. 
  

  

  In 
  size 
  it 
  holds 
  an 
  intermediate 
  place 
  between 
  Climatius 
  reticu- 
  

   latus 
  and 
  C. 
  scutiger, 
  averaging 
  from 
  three 
  to 
  five 
  inches 
  in 
  length. 
  

   Its 
  general 
  form 
  resembled 
  that 
  of 
  C. 
  reticulatus 
  ; 
  the 
  number 
  and 
  

   position 
  of 
  the 
  true 
  spines 
  are 
  the 
  same 
  in 
  both 
  ; 
  the 
  number 
  of 
  der- 
  

   mal 
  spines 
  between 
  the 
  pectorals 
  and 
  ventrals 
  seems 
  greater 
  than 
  in 
  

   C. 
  reticulatus, 
  there 
  being 
  at 
  least 
  five 
  pairs, 
  perhaps 
  six 
  or 
  seven. 
  

   The 
  spines 
  seem 
  all 
  to 
  have 
  possessed 
  longitudinal 
  striae 
  with 
  inter- 
  

   mediate 
  crenate 
  ridges. 
  The 
  pectoral 
  and 
  anterior 
  dorsal 
  spines 
  

   depart 
  much 
  from 
  the 
  form 
  of 
  these 
  spines 
  in 
  C. 
  reticulatus 
  : 
  the 
  

   pectorals 
  are 
  longer, 
  more 
  slender, 
  and 
  more 
  bent, 
  and 
  have 
  the 
  

   posterior 
  margin 
  armed 
  with 
  a 
  row 
  of 
  stout 
  sharp 
  teeth 
  pointing- 
  

   inwards 
  ; 
  the 
  anterior 
  dorsal 
  is 
  quite 
  straight, 
  moderately 
  stout, 
  and 
  

   nearly 
  of 
  the 
  same 
  size 
  as 
  the 
  posterior 
  dorsal, 
  which 
  is 
  quite 
  straight, 
  

   and 
  proportionally 
  longer 
  than 
  in 
  G. 
  reticulatus 
  ; 
  it 
  is 
  situated 
  rather 
  

   in 
  advance 
  of 
  the 
  anal. 
  The 
  anal 
  is 
  also 
  quite 
  straight, 
  and 
  some- 
  

   what 
  smaller 
  in 
  size 
  than 
  the 
  posterior 
  dorsal. 
  The 
  ventrals 
  are 
  placed 
  

   far 
  back, 
  being 
  but 
  little 
  in 
  advance 
  of 
  the 
  anal; 
  they 
  are 
  of 
  medium 
  

   size, 
  and 
  curved. 
  The 
  scales 
  are 
  somewhat 
  similar 
  to 
  those 
  of 
  C. 
  

   reticulatus, 
  but 
  the 
  sculpturing 
  on 
  the 
  inner 
  surface 
  seems 
  different. 
  

   The 
  eye-orbits 
  are 
  situated 
  well 
  back 
  and 
  rather 
  high 
  in 
  the 
  head. 
  

   The 
  branchial 
  arches 
  are 
  exposed 
  and 
  rather 
  under 
  the 
  head. 
  

  

  Climatius 
  scutiger, 
  Egerton. 
  

  

  Head 
  large, 
  rounded, 
  anteriorly 
  depressed 
  ; 
  spines 
  ridged, 
  smooth 
  

   or 
  crenate 
  ; 
  three 
  pairs 
  of 
  intermediate 
  dermal 
  spines 
  ; 
  scales 
  small, 
  

   striated, 
  not 
  tuberculate 
  on 
  the 
  inner 
  surface, 
  smooth 
  externally 
  *. 
  

  

  Climatius 
  scutiger 
  very 
  much 
  resembles 
  C. 
  reticulatus 
  in 
  form 
  ; 
  its 
  

   principal 
  divergence 
  is 
  in 
  its 
  size, 
  character 
  of 
  the 
  scales, 
  and 
  num- 
  

   ber 
  of 
  dermal 
  spines. 
  It 
  was 
  found 
  in 
  moderate 
  abundance 
  in 
  the 
  

   Farnell 
  deposit, 
  and 
  has 
  since 
  been 
  detected 
  in 
  another 
  locality 
  by 
  Mr. 
  

   Walter 
  M 
  c 
  Nicol. 
  His 
  specimens 
  show 
  the 
  scales 
  much 
  better 
  than 
  

   those 
  from 
  Farnell. 
  They 
  are 
  very 
  small, 
  rhomboidal, 
  and 
  smooth 
  

   on 
  their 
  outer 
  surface 
  ; 
  the 
  inner 
  is 
  marked 
  by 
  two 
  or 
  three 
  distinct 
  

   striae 
  diverging 
  from 
  the 
  anterior 
  angle. 
  The 
  fins 
  are 
  membranous, 
  

   and 
  covered 
  by 
  very 
  minute 
  scales 
  arranged 
  in 
  parallel 
  rows. 
  It 
  is 
  

   right 
  to 
  notice 
  that 
  one 
  of 
  my 
  specimens 
  seems 
  to 
  indicate 
  four 
  pairs 
  

   of 
  dermal 
  spines 
  ; 
  but 
  this 
  is 
  indistinct. 
  

  

  Parextjs, 
  Agassiz. 
  

  

  Body 
  short, 
  deep, 
  tapering 
  posteriorly, 
  compressed 
  laterally 
  ; 
  head 
  

   medium 
  size, 
  somewhat 
  ovate, 
  compressed; 
  branchial 
  arches 
  small, 
  

   exposed 
  ; 
  tail 
  large, 
  heterocercal 
  ; 
  fins 
  membranous, 
  preceded 
  by 
  

   stout 
  conical 
  spines, 
  striated 
  longitudinally, 
  ridges 
  crenate 
  or 
  smooth 
  ; 
  

   two 
  dorsals, 
  two 
  pectorals, 
  two 
  ventrals, 
  one 
  anal 
  ; 
  anterior 
  dor- 
  

   sal 
  stout, 
  very 
  large-toothed 
  anteriorly, 
  situated 
  immediately 
  behind 
  

  

  * 
  See 
  Tenth 
  Decade 
  of 
  ' 
  Fossil 
  Organic 
  Remains,' 
  where 
  this 
  species 
  is 
  figured 
  

   and 
  described 
  very 
  fully 
  by 
  Sir 
  P. 
  Egerton 
  from 
  Farnell 
  specimens. 
  

  

  