﻿1864.] 
  HARKNESS 
  NORTH-EAST 
  OF 
  SCOTLAND. 
  429 
  

  

  typical. 
  As 
  little 
  doubt 
  seems 
  to 
  me 
  to 
  exist 
  that 
  at 
  one 
  time 
  this 
  

   formation 
  was 
  here 
  largely 
  developed, 
  and 
  extended 
  onwards 
  along 
  

   the 
  sea-coast 
  continuously, 
  and 
  along 
  the 
  banks 
  of 
  the 
  Tay 
  to 
  where 
  

   these 
  Upper 
  Red 
  Sandstones 
  are 
  found 
  in 
  the 
  Carse 
  of 
  Gowrie, 
  at 
  

   Clashbeimie, 
  containing 
  characteristic 
  remains 
  ; 
  and 
  that 
  the 
  latter 
  

   have 
  since 
  been 
  removed 
  by 
  denuding 
  agencies. 
  In 
  no 
  ease 
  have 
  I 
  

   detected 
  this 
  unconformable 
  formation 
  in 
  situ, 
  except 
  in 
  the 
  localities 
  

   pointed 
  out 
  by 
  Sir 
  Charles 
  ; 
  nor 
  does 
  it 
  appear 
  to 
  exist 
  in 
  any 
  of 
  the 
  

   inland 
  districts 
  of 
  Forfarshire 
  or 
  Perthshire 
  : 
  along 
  the 
  coast, 
  and 
  

   especially 
  immediately 
  to 
  the 
  east 
  of 
  Braughty 
  Ferry, 
  large 
  detached 
  

   boulders, 
  evidently 
  fragments 
  of 
  this 
  upper 
  formation, 
  are, 
  however, 
  

   abundantly 
  strewed. 
  

  

  The 
  middle 
  or 
  Caithness-shire 
  division 
  has 
  never 
  been 
  found 
  in 
  

   Forfarshire, 
  nor 
  does 
  it 
  seem 
  ever 
  to 
  have 
  existed 
  in 
  the 
  latter 
  

   county. 
  Had 
  it 
  ever 
  existed 
  there, 
  and 
  in 
  superposition 
  to 
  the 
  lower 
  

   rocks, 
  a 
  period 
  of 
  such 
  immensely 
  extended 
  duration 
  would 
  be 
  

   required 
  for 
  their 
  removal 
  by 
  denudation, 
  before 
  the 
  deposition 
  of 
  the 
  

   overlying 
  unconformable 
  rocks, 
  as 
  appears 
  to 
  me 
  to 
  be 
  inconsistent 
  

   with 
  the 
  similarity 
  in 
  character 
  of 
  the 
  Fishes 
  of 
  the 
  middle 
  and 
  

   upper 
  divisions. 
  

  

  EXPLANATION 
  OF 
  PLATE 
  XX. 
  

  

  Fig. 
  1. 
  Parexus 
  incurvus, 
  Agass. 
  : 
  natural 
  size. 
  

  

  2 
  a. 
  Euthacanthus 
  McNicoli, 
  Powrie 
  : 
  one-half 
  the 
  natural 
  size, 
  

  

  2 
  b. 
  — 
  — 
  , 
  outer 
  surface 
  of 
  scales 
  : 
  magnified. 
  

  

  2 
  r. 
  , 
  inner 
  surface 
  of 
  scales 
  : 
  magnified. 
  

  

  2. 
  On 
  the 
  Reptiliferotjs 
  Rocks 
  and 
  the 
  Footprint-bearing 
  Strata 
  

   of 
  the 
  North-east 
  of 
  Scotland. 
  By 
  Professor 
  R. 
  Harkness, 
  

   F.R.S., 
  F.G.S. 
  

  

  Contents. 
  

  

  1. 
  Introduction. 
  

  

  2. 
  Section 
  south 
  of 
  Elgin. 
  

  

  3. 
  Section 
  on 
  the 
  Findhorn. 
  

  

  4. 
  Section 
  north 
  of 
  Elgin. 
  

  

  5. 
  Section 
  on 
  the 
  strike 
  from 
  Burghead 
  to 
  Lossiemouth 
  (3). 
  

  

  6. 
  General 
  conclusions 
  respecting 
  the 
  Strata 
  of 
  the 
  Elgin 
  district. 
  

  

  7. 
  Section 
  from 
  the 
  Nigg 
  to 
  Cambus-Shandwick, 
  Ross-shire. 
  

  

  8. 
  Palasontological 
  evidence 
  of 
  the 
  Reptiliferous 
  Sandstones. 
  

  

  § 
  1. 
  Introduction. 
  

  

  Sir 
  Roderick 
  I. 
  Murchison, 
  in 
  his 
  memoir 
  on 
  the 
  Sandstones 
  of 
  

   Elgin*, 
  has 
  referred 
  to 
  the 
  several 
  geologists 
  whose 
  labours 
  have 
  

   helped 
  to 
  place 
  these 
  deposits 
  among 
  the 
  Old 
  Red 
  Sandstone 
  series, 
  

   and 
  he 
  has 
  also 
  described 
  the 
  nature 
  and 
  the 
  arrangement 
  of 
  the 
  

   strata 
  occurring 
  in 
  the 
  district 
  around 
  Elgin. 
  Since 
  that 
  memoir 
  

   was 
  published, 
  the 
  discovery 
  of 
  the 
  Crocodilian 
  nature 
  of 
  the 
  Stago- 
  

   nolepis 
  found 
  in 
  the 
  sandstones 
  north 
  of 
  Elgin 
  has 
  induced 
  palaeon- 
  

   tologists, 
  and 
  some 
  geologists, 
  to 
  doubt 
  the 
  Palaeozoic 
  age 
  of 
  the 
  

  

  * 
  Quart. 
  Journ. 
  Geol. 
  Soc. 
  vol. 
  xv. 
  p. 
  421. 
  

   VOL. 
  XX. 
  — 
  TART 
  I. 
  2 
  H 
  

  

  