﻿TRANSLATIONS 
  AND 
  NOTICES 
  

  

  OP 
  

  

  GEOLOGICAL 
  MEMOIRS. 
  

  

  On 
  the 
  Fusion 
  of 
  Carbonate 
  of 
  Lime, 
  and 
  on 
  the 
  Production 
  of 
  

   Artificial 
  Marble. 
  By 
  Herr 
  Gtjstav 
  Rose. 
  

  

  [Ueber 
  die 
  Schmelzung 
  des 
  kohlensaures 
  Kalkes 
  und 
  Darstellung 
  kiinstlichen 
  

   Marmors. 
  Von 
  Herrn 
  Gustav 
  Rose. 
  — 
  Poggendorff's 
  Annalen, 
  Band 
  cxvii. 
  

   p. 
  565, 
  1863.] 
  

  

  In 
  this 
  paper 
  Professor 
  Gustav 
  Rose 
  gives 
  an 
  account 
  of 
  a 
  series 
  of 
  

   new 
  and 
  variously 
  modified 
  experiments 
  which 
  he 
  has 
  made, 
  with 
  

   the 
  object 
  of 
  testing 
  the 
  truth 
  of 
  Sir 
  James 
  Hall's 
  conclusions 
  upon 
  

   the 
  formation 
  of 
  marble*. 
  He 
  concludes 
  as 
  follows 
  : 
  — 
  

  

  " 
  These 
  experiments 
  were 
  attended 
  with 
  many 
  difficulties 
  : 
  it 
  was 
  

   at 
  first 
  not 
  easy 
  to 
  find 
  a 
  material 
  which, 
  when 
  exposed 
  to 
  a 
  great 
  

   heat, 
  would 
  be 
  impervious 
  to 
  the 
  aeriform 
  bodies 
  given 
  out 
  by 
  the 
  

   enclosed 
  substances 
  ; 
  that 
  is, 
  the 
  material 
  might 
  be 
  so 
  to 
  a 
  certain 
  

   extent, 
  but 
  it 
  was 
  not 
  safe 
  to 
  venture 
  very 
  far 
  ; 
  for 
  the 
  crucible 
  or 
  tube 
  

   became 
  softened, 
  and 
  there 
  was 
  a 
  danger 
  that 
  no 
  effect 
  whatever 
  

   would 
  be 
  produced 
  upon 
  the 
  carbonate 
  of 
  lime. 
  It 
  is, 
  therefore, 
  to 
  a 
  

   great 
  extent, 
  a 
  matter 
  of 
  accident 
  whether 
  the 
  experiment 
  succeeds 
  

   or 
  not. 
  Nevertheless 
  it 
  did 
  succeed 
  in 
  several 
  instances 
  ; 
  and 
  these 
  

   successful 
  experiments 
  were 
  quite 
  sufficient 
  to 
  confirm 
  the 
  conclusions 
  

   to 
  which 
  Sir 
  James 
  Hall 
  arrived, 
  namely, 
  that 
  carbonate 
  of 
  lime, 
  

   when 
  exposed 
  to 
  a 
  great 
  heat 
  under 
  pressure, 
  is 
  changed 
  into 
  marble. 
  

   Although 
  the 
  marble 
  obtained 
  from 
  pieces 
  of 
  lithographic 
  lime- 
  

   stone 
  and 
  chalk 
  was 
  finer 
  grained 
  than 
  that 
  of 
  Carrara, 
  it 
  was 
  

   so, 
  likewise, 
  when 
  pieces 
  of 
  arragonite 
  were 
  operated 
  upon 
  ; 
  and 
  

   the 
  result 
  was 
  most 
  certainly 
  the 
  same, 
  under 
  favourable 
  circum- 
  

   stances, 
  whether 
  limestone 
  or 
  chalk 
  was 
  used. 
  It 
  seems, 
  therefore, 
  

   probable 
  that 
  all 
  marbles 
  which 
  form 
  beds 
  in 
  mica-slate 
  and 
  clay- 
  

   slate, 
  or 
  which 
  are 
  in 
  the 
  immediate 
  vicinity 
  of 
  granite 
  or 
  basalt, 
  

   must 
  be 
  held 
  to 
  have 
  been 
  ordinary 
  limestone 
  or 
  chalk 
  which 
  had 
  

   been 
  altered 
  by 
  heat. 
  The 
  marble 
  found 
  in 
  proximity 
  with 
  chalk 
  

   on 
  one 
  side, 
  and 
  with 
  a 
  basaltic 
  dyke 
  on 
  the 
  other, 
  near 
  Belfast, 
  

   closely 
  resembles 
  the 
  grey 
  product 
  of 
  the 
  lithographic 
  limestone." 
  

  

  [L. 
  H.] 
  

  

  * 
  Respecting 
  the 
  former 
  opinions 
  of 
  Professor 
  Gustav 
  Rose 
  on 
  this 
  subject, 
  

   see 
  Mr. 
  Horner's 
  Anniversary 
  Address 
  to 
  the 
  Geological 
  Society, 
  on 
  February 
  

   15, 
  1861, 
  Quarterly 
  Journal 
  of 
  the 
  Geological 
  Society, 
  vol. 
  xvii. 
  p. 
  xlii. 
  

  

  VOL. 
  XX. 
  PART 
  II. 
  B 
  

  

  