﻿WOLF 
  WATER-BEARING 
  STRATA 
  OF 
  VIENNA. 
  15 
  

  

  The 
  following 
  example 
  is 
  given 
  as 
  illustrating 
  the 
  importance 
  of 
  

   these 
  figures 
  : 
  — 
  If 
  such 
  a 
  rock 
  as 
  the 
  basalt 
  of 
  Wickenbach, 
  near 
  

   Querbach, 
  in 
  Lower 
  Silesia 
  (according 
  to 
  Loewe's 
  analysis), 
  be 
  the 
  

   substratum 
  of 
  a 
  mountain, 
  and 
  if 
  this 
  basalt 
  extended 
  to 
  a 
  depth 
  

   of 
  one 
  German 
  mile, 
  and 
  were 
  by 
  degrees 
  entirely 
  decomposed 
  by 
  

   carbonic 
  acid, 
  then 
  the 
  mechanical 
  force 
  of 
  its 
  expansion 
  would 
  have 
  

   been 
  sufficient 
  io 
  raise 
  the 
  height 
  of 
  the 
  mountain 
  by 
  one 
  German 
  

   mile, 
  which 
  is 
  equal 
  to 
  the 
  height 
  of 
  the 
  highest 
  mountain 
  on 
  the 
  

   face 
  of 
  the 
  earth. 
  [G. 
  B., 
  Jun.] 
  

  

  On 
  the 
  Water-bearing 
  Strata 
  in 
  the 
  Neighbourhood 
  of 
  Vienna. 
  

  

  By 
  Herr 
  H. 
  Wolf. 
  

  

  [Proceed. 
  Imp. 
  Geol. 
  Instit. 
  Yienna, 
  July 
  21, 
  1863.] 
  

  

  Two 
  sections 
  across 
  Yienna 
  have 
  lately 
  been 
  constructed 
  by 
  the 
  au- 
  

   thor, 
  one 
  running 
  from 
  N". 
  to 
  S. 
  through 
  the 
  Neogene 
  deposits, 
  the 
  

   other 
  from 
  N.W. 
  to 
  S.E., 
  crossing 
  the 
  former 
  in 
  the 
  " 
  Getreide- 
  

   Markt," 
  midway 
  between 
  the 
  city 
  and 
  the 
  western 
  suburbs. 
  The 
  

   data 
  used 
  in 
  compiling 
  these 
  sections 
  were 
  obtained 
  by 
  the 
  boring 
  

   of 
  one 
  hundred 
  and 
  thirty 
  Artesian 
  wells, 
  together 
  with 
  a 
  careful 
  

   investigation 
  of 
  the 
  organic 
  remains 
  found 
  during 
  each 
  sinking. 
  

   Three 
  alluvial, 
  as 
  many 
  diluvial, 
  and 
  eleven 
  Neogene 
  beds 
  are 
  

   marked 
  on 
  the 
  sections. 
  The 
  deepest 
  layers 
  passed 
  through 
  in 
  

   sinking 
  the 
  well 
  in 
  the 
  " 
  Getreide-Markt" 
  include 
  the 
  same 
  organic 
  

   remains 
  as 
  those 
  in 
  the 
  brick-loam 
  of 
  Attakring 
  and 
  Hernals, 
  north- 
  

   west 
  of 
  Yienna; 
  the 
  difference 
  of 
  height 
  (600 
  to 
  780 
  feet) 
  in 
  the 
  two 
  

   localities 
  proves 
  that 
  the 
  beds 
  dip 
  towards 
  the 
  centre 
  of 
  the 
  basin 
  

   at 
  an 
  angle 
  of 
  from 
  4° 
  to 
  5°. 
  Four 
  horizons 
  may 
  be 
  distinguished 
  

   within 
  the 
  section. 
  The 
  first 
  of 
  them, 
  consisting 
  of 
  " 
  Congerian" 
  or 
  

   " 
  Inzersdorf 
  " 
  (freshwater 
  Neogene) 
  strata, 
  reaches 
  a 
  depth 
  of 
  be- 
  

   tween 
  276 
  and 
  366 
  feet 
  above 
  the 
  sea-level. 
  The 
  three 
  others 
  are 
  

   of 
  brackish- 
  water 
  origin, 
  the 
  uppermost 
  containing 
  Polystomella, 
  

   Crassatella 
  clissita 
  (Emilia 
  Podolica, 
  Homes), 
  Bulla 
  Lajonkaireana, 
  

   and 
  Cardium 
  jplicatum, 
  Eichw. 
  ; 
  all 
  of 
  which 
  likewise 
  occur 
  in 
  the 
  

   strata 
  above 
  the 
  Cerithian 
  sands 
  and 
  sandstone, 
  which 
  crop 
  out 
  west 
  

   and 
  south-west 
  of 
  Yienna. 
  The 
  middle 
  portion, 
  of 
  a 
  more 
  arena- 
  

   ceous 
  nature, 
  contains 
  many 
  specimens 
  of 
  Cerithium 
  pictum, 
  Eichw., 
  

   and 
  crops 
  out 
  south-west, 
  west, 
  and 
  north-west 
  of 
  Yienna 
  at 
  a 
  

   height 
  of 
  768 
  feet, 
  ending 
  at 
  a 
  height 
  of 
  between 
  96 
  and 
  132 
  feet 
  

   above 
  the 
  sea-level. 
  The 
  nethermost 
  portion, 
  not 
  sunk 
  through 
  

   at 
  depths 
  of 
  42 
  and 
  78 
  feet 
  beneath 
  the 
  sea-level, 
  includes 
  several 
  

   species 
  of 
  Rissoa. 
  

  

  The 
  truly 
  marine 
  strata 
  of 
  the 
  Yienna 
  basin 
  have, 
  perhaps, 
  been 
  

   reached 
  in 
  sinking 
  wells 
  to 
  the 
  depth 
  of 
  198 
  and 
  264 
  feet 
  in 
  the 
  

   western 
  environs, 
  and 
  by 
  another 
  well 
  in 
  the 
  same 
  region, 
  which, 
  

   after 
  having 
  been 
  bored 
  through 
  96 
  feet 
  of 
  a 
  plastic 
  clay 
  (answer- 
  

   ing 
  to 
  the 
  truly 
  marine 
  " 
  Tegel" 
  of 
  Baden, 
  S. 
  of 
  Yienna), 
  has 
  

   attained 
  a 
  depth 
  of 
  396 
  feet 
  beneath 
  the 
  sea-level. 
  This 
  lower 
  

   or 
  marine 
  Neogene 
  formation 
  contains 
  two 
  water-bearing 
  horizons, 
  

  

  