﻿PETERS—GEOLOGY 
  OF 
  THE 
  DOBRUDSCHA. 
  17 
  

  

  ters 
  sufficiently 
  distinguish 
  the 
  species 
  in 
  question 
  from 
  Crossopvs 
  

   (Soreoc) 
  fodiens, 
  Pallas. 
  The 
  digging- 
  mice 
  {Arvicola) 
  are 
  repre- 
  

   sented 
  by 
  a 
  great 
  number 
  of 
  remains, 
  especially 
  of 
  loose 
  molars. 
  

   Among 
  them, 
  a 
  robust 
  variety 
  of 
  Arvicola 
  amphibius, 
  Linn., 
  and 
  A. 
  

   glareola, 
  Schreb., 
  have 
  been 
  ascertained, 
  these 
  two 
  species 
  being 
  of 
  

   extensive 
  vertical 
  and 
  horizontal 
  range 
  at 
  the 
  present 
  day. 
  Three 
  

   well-preserved 
  lower 
  jaws 
  belong 
  to 
  Arvicola 
  ratticeps, 
  Bias., 
  a 
  species 
  

   having, 
  at 
  present, 
  a 
  range 
  from 
  Kamtschatka 
  to 
  Lapland, 
  but 
  which 
  

   does 
  not 
  now 
  exist 
  south 
  of 
  the 
  Baltic. 
  Its 
  fossil 
  remains 
  are 
  un- 
  

   doubtedly 
  characterized 
  specifically 
  by 
  the 
  seven 
  enamel 
  loops 
  ( 
  the 
  

   first 
  two 
  of 
  them 
  not 
  being 
  completely 
  separated) 
  of 
  the 
  first 
  molar, 
  

   and 
  by 
  the 
  peculiar 
  form 
  of 
  the 
  second 
  molar. 
  The 
  other 
  Mamma- 
  

   lian 
  remains 
  are 
  unimportant. 
  Among 
  them 
  is 
  a 
  nasal 
  piece 
  of 
  

   Rhinolophiis, 
  with 
  very 
  strong 
  and 
  flat 
  canine 
  teeth, 
  not 
  admitting 
  of 
  

   identification 
  with 
  any 
  living 
  or 
  fossil 
  species 
  ; 
  and 
  some 
  few 
  loose 
  

   teeth 
  and 
  fragmentary 
  upper 
  jaws 
  of 
  a 
  small 
  species 
  of 
  Lepus, 
  

   scarcely 
  different 
  from 
  the 
  common 
  Rabbit. 
  Remains 
  of 
  Ophidians 
  

   and 
  Batrachians 
  seem 
  to 
  be 
  completely 
  wanting. 
  A 
  small 
  tooth 
  of 
  

   Crocodile 
  may 
  have 
  been 
  washed 
  in 
  from 
  the 
  neighbouring 
  brackish- 
  

   water 
  clay, 
  together 
  with 
  some 
  few 
  minute 
  Shells 
  of 
  Enoilia 
  Poclo- 
  

   lica, 
  Eichw., 
  and 
  some 
  marine 
  Miocene 
  Bivalves. 
  The 
  Mollusca 
  found 
  

   in 
  the 
  diluvial 
  clay 
  here 
  in 
  question 
  are 
  : 
  — 
  Planorbis 
  leucostomus, 
  

   Mich, 
  (very 
  abundant, 
  the 
  species 
  being 
  now 
  extremely 
  common 
  in 
  

   the 
  stagnant 
  water 
  of 
  Lower 
  Austria, 
  Hungary, 
  and 
  Moravia) 
  ; 
  Pisi- 
  

   clium 
  fontinale, 
  Drap. 
  (not 
  rare, 
  and 
  now 
  common 
  in 
  the 
  Alpine 
  and 
  

   Carpathian 
  mountain-sources) 
  ; 
  Helix 
  circinata, 
  Stud., 
  and 
  Succinea 
  

   oblonga, 
  Drap. 
  (both 
  somewhat 
  rare). 
  The 
  clay-bed 
  in 
  which 
  

   the 
  above-mentioned 
  skull 
  of 
  Elephas 
  primigenius 
  was 
  found 
  is 
  

   remarkably 
  plastic 
  and 
  of 
  a 
  deep-grey 
  colour, 
  while 
  the 
  beds 
  over- 
  

   lying 
  it 
  have 
  the 
  dry 
  character 
  and 
  yellowish 
  tint 
  characteristic 
  of 
  

   the 
  common 
  diluvial 
  clay 
  of 
  the 
  Danube 
  valley. 
  The 
  dead 
  body 
  of 
  

   the 
  Elephant 
  must 
  have 
  undergone 
  decomposition 
  on 
  a 
  moory 
  ground, 
  

   and, 
  at 
  the 
  same 
  time, 
  have 
  been 
  gradually 
  surrounded 
  and, 
  finally, 
  

   covered 
  with 
  lacustrine 
  deposits, 
  which 
  were 
  periodically 
  interrupted 
  

   by 
  seasons 
  of 
  dryness, 
  during 
  which 
  the 
  district 
  was 
  visited 
  by 
  Moles, 
  

   Shrews, 
  Arvicolce, 
  and 
  land-mollusks, 
  at 
  last 
  destroyed 
  by 
  subsequent 
  

   floods 
  ; 
  but 
  some 
  of 
  the 
  bones 
  may 
  also 
  have 
  been 
  washed 
  in 
  from 
  

   neighbouring 
  mountain-sources. 
  

  

  The 
  diluvial 
  fauna, 
  just 
  described, 
  has 
  some 
  characteristic 
  forms 
  

   in 
  common 
  with 
  the 
  osseous 
  breccia 
  of 
  Beremend 
  (Hungary), 
  only 
  

   the 
  prevailing 
  form 
  in 
  this 
  breccia 
  is 
  not 
  a 
  genuine 
  Shrew, 
  but 
  

   rather 
  a 
  Crossopus 
  (0. 
  fodienst, 
  Pallas). 
  [Count 
  M.] 
  

  

  On 
  the 
  Geology 
  of 
  the 
  Dobrudscha. 
  By 
  Professor 
  Peters. 
  

  

  [Proceed. 
  Imp. 
  Geol. 
  Instit. 
  Vienna, 
  November 
  3, 
  1863.] 
  

  

  Near 
  Semlin, 
  the 
  steep 
  cliffs 
  on 
  the 
  right 
  of 
  the 
  Danube, 
  from 
  thirty 
  

   to 
  sixty 
  feet 
  high, 
  are 
  formed 
  of 
  Loess 
  ; 
  but 
  near 
  Tultscha, 
  the 
  thick- 
  

  

  