466 S. V. WOOD, JUN., ON THE NEWER 



the clearest and most marked manner, from the Contorted Drift (hS); 

 for this drift, in the form of a strongly stratified silt with bands of 

 clay full of rolled chalk, rests altogether unconformably on a forma- 

 tion (the Till) consisting of dark sandy unstratified clay with worn 

 specimens of Tellina balthica and fragments of Oardium and 

 Cyprina, the surface of which clay is worn into hollows in which 

 sands are bedded, which, with the clay thus worn into hollows, have 

 alike been planed off level to receive the stratified silt of the Contorted 

 Drift. This marked break or unconformity continues for 2 or 3 

 miles until the lower bed disappears under the beach-line, while 

 from this condition of highly stratified silt, bS, gradually changes 

 horizontally south-eastwards along the cliff until it disappears 

 beneath the beach towards Eccles into that reddish-brown, un- 

 stratified, or obscurely stratified, brickearth which I have described 

 as having so general an extension over the pebbly sands in Sheet 

 66, and as making its appearance again above the beach-line 

 beneath the Middle Glacial and Chalky Clay in the north of 

 Sheet 67*. 



Before, however, tracing the southerly extension of the Contorted 

 Drift, and of the pebbly sand and Till, I should point out that the 

 difiiculty to which I have adverted in detecting a definite line of 

 division between this sand and the Chillesford Clay in some parts 

 of the Bure valley, while this line is so marked elsewhere, seems to 

 be just what we might expect to occur under the circumstances 

 detailed ; for as the depression of the valley of the Crag river took 

 place, while elevation to the south-east occurred, and the sea made its 

 way into the depressed area, the river yet existing further north still 

 brought the micaceous mud, so that this at the first and until the new 

 conditions were established became interstratified with the sands 

 which continued to form within what remained of the former estuary, 

 and in the area newly occupied by the sea. Though seams of this 

 micaceous mud thus occur in the pebbly sands of this part, and 

 physically the sands of the latter part of Stage I. are here difficult 



*f This unconformity is shown in Nos. I. and II, of the sections accompanying 

 the Introduction to the ' Crag-MoUusca ' Supplement. I would take this oppor- 

 tunity of correcting some of the sections given in that Introduction, viz.: — The 

 bed 8 of Section A and Section P represents both that marked ? and that 

 marked c in fig. I. of the present memoir. The bed 8, north of Thorpe in 

 Section B, and south of Westleton in Section 0, is probably the sand bl. 

 The Eed Crag shown as detached at the Sparrow's Nest in Section P is probably 

 the Crag in siiu rising, as described in Stage I., to high elevations. In Section E. 

 the bed 10, where capping the lowest part of the cliff, is the Contorted Drift, 

 consisting of brickearth with patches of Chalky Clay in it, but where capping 

 the highest, consists of this and of a bed of shingly gravel jjeneath it. The very 

 small patch of 9 over which both these passed (and which I now regard as a 

 remnant of the Till, for it graduated into 8, while the brickearth 10 is uncon- 

 formable to 8) seems to have disappeared by the waste of the coast ; and 8" 8'" 

 and 8'" are the sand bl, No 6 being either this sand as represented there or the 

 Crag. In Section S, though the small patch numbered 7 remains, I am told 

 that the larger one, which extended from the north of Easton to the south of 

 Covehithe Cliff, has disappeared by the rapid coast-waste that has gone on 

 since I drew the cliff in 1866. The bed marked 8 in Sections XIX. and XX., 

 and that marked ? in XVII., is the sand representin g decalcified Crag. 



