572 J. W. KIEKBY ON MAEINE FOSSILS IN IHE 



It has been remarked by the Eev. Thomas Brown that the marine 

 beds of the lower part of the Calciferous Sandstones increase in 

 thickness and number as they are traced further east *. This is 

 very clearly shown in a section that is exposed between tide-marks 

 at Randerstone, south of Kingsbarns. This section forms a syncliual, 

 most of the beds cropping out east and west of a central trough 

 which is nearly opposite to Eanderstone farmhouse. The thickness 

 of strata exposed does not much exceed 400 feet ; but it includes 

 twelve limestones, the majority of which contain marine fossils. 

 The prevalence of Schizodus Salteri and Myalina modioliformis 

 in several of the beds, as well as the contiguity of the limestones, 

 appears to indicate a position for these strata equivalent to the 

 measures between 3200 and 3600 feet of the Pittenweem and 

 Anstruther section. As this outcrop of strata is the most marine 

 bit of the lower portion of the Calciferous Sandstones that I have 

 met with in Pif e ; it is noticed in detail as the 



Randeestone Section. 



In the highest limestone at Eanderstone I have found only a 

 species of Sjpirorhis. This limestone is taken to be 3155 feet below 

 the base of the Carboniferous Limestone series, the figures being 

 arrived at by looking upon limestone No. 5 of this section as equiva- 

 lent to the band of Schizodus Scdteri (Zone 12) of the Pittenween 

 and Anstruther series of strata. 



Thirteen feet of strata intervene between this limestone and the 

 next beneath. 



Limestone No. 2 (3170) is hard, grey, and two feet thick. Prom 

 it, and the shale and ironstone bands immediately above and below, 

 there have been obtained the following species : — 



Myalina modioliformis, Brown. Leperditia Okeni, var. scotoburdiga- 



Oarbonia subula, J. ^ K. lensis, Hihbert. 



Coproiites of Ehizodus ? 



A thick mass of sandstone intervenes. 



Limestone No. 3 (3200 feet) is a shell-bed, fully four feet thick, 

 almost entirely composed of the shells of Mycdina modioliformis. 

 In this bed, as well as in the overlying shale, and in the thick shale 

 and ironstones below, the Myalince are large, though thicker-shelled 

 in the limestone and ironstones than in the shale. Sjpirorbis 

 encrusts the shells in some places ; and here and there in the 

 limestone are drifted fragments of carbonized wood {Badoxylon) 

 showing structure t. 



Spirorbis. 



Fragments of wood {Badoxylon). 



Littorina scotoburdigalensis, Mh. 

 Myalina modioliformis, Brown. 

 Carbonia subula, J. Sf K. 



A thick bed of Myalina^ probably the same as this, is seen to the 

 east of Kingsbarns Harbour ; and to the east of the Eock and 

 Spindle, a limestone 5 feet thick, full of Myalina, with a seam of 

 coal below it (both altered by heat), is exposed between tide-marks, 

 as shown in the accompanying woodcut (fig. 3). 



* Trans. Roy. Soc. Edinb. vol. xxii. p. 399. 



t The eastern outcrop of this bed is seen just below the sandstone reef to the 

 west of Old Haiks, 



