CALCIFEEOTJS SANDSTONE OF FIFE. 



575 



At tlie outcrop of this bed the measures lie rather flat, so that a 

 considerable area of it is exposed between tide-marks*. Occasionally, 

 when the rock has been swept clean of weeds, its ScMzodus-coYered 

 surface aifords a most interesting sight, though one suggestive 

 rather of a Permian state of things than of early Carboniferous^an 

 idea which is only strengthened on finding a species of Myalina 

 just as abundant in the body of the rock ; for in the Magnesian 

 Limestone of the North of England the two most common fossils in 

 the upper beds, and those, in fact, which last appear, are Schizodus 

 duhius and Myalina Hausmanni. 



Fig. 4. — Section of Limestone No. 5, Banderstone. 



a. Shale and sandstone band with Btigmaria, Bi^lodus, and Ostraeoda ; h. 1 foot 

 of siliceous limestone with drift wood, Ehizodus, and Myalina ; c. 9 inches 

 of shale with Ostraeoda and Lepidophyllum ; d. 1 foot of limestone full of 

 Myalina, Schizodus, Orthoceras, &e. 



Forty feet of shale and sandstone intervene ; the latter is false- 

 bedded and ripple-marked. In one place the shale is black and coaly, 

 with fireclay beneath full of rootlets. More JStigmarice are found in 

 these strata, along with Oalamites sp., Cyclopteris Jlahellata, the 

 scales of small Ganoids, and Entomostraca. 



Limestone No. 6 (3326 feet) is about two feet thick, hard, compact, 

 and grey in colour (also weathering grey). It is formed of three or 

 four leaves ; and it is chiefly on the weathered surfaces of these that 

 the following fossils have been found : — 



Nautilus planotergatus ?, M' Coy. 



Orthoceras, sp. 



Loxonema scalaroidea, Phill. 



Murchisonia quadricarinata, M'Coy. 



Naticopsis, sp. 



AYiculopecten granosus, Phill. 



Leda, sp. 



Myalina modioliformis, Brown. Ganoid scales resembling those of 



Nucula lineata, Phill. 



Sanguinolites abdensis, Eth. 



Murchisonia quadricarinata is the most characteristic fossil of 

 this limestone ; it is found on the weathered surfaces beautifully 

 preserved, and occasionally in great numbers. Stenopora tumida 

 and Leperditia Oheni are also very abundant. JSchizodus Salteri 

 forms a thin layer of sheUs on top of the limestone. The shell 

 referred to Bedgwichia gigantea has only been found in this bed ; 

 some of the specimens exceed three inches in width. The bottom 

 leaf of the limestone is entirely composed of a S^irorbis, apparently 

 identical with >S^. helicteres. 



Schizodus Salteri, Mh. 

 Sedgwickia gigantea, 31' Coy. 

 Lingula mytiloides. Sow. 

 Stenopora tumida, PhilL 

 Spirorbis helicteres, Salter. 

 Leperditia Okeni, Miinst. 

 Beyrichia subarcuata, Jones. 

 Ganoid scales resembling those 

 Megalichthys. 



* This bed shelves up to the point to the east of the road to Eanderstone, 



