CALCIPEROTTS SAITDSTONE OP PIFE 583 



they do not immediately follow, they are in close contiguity to 

 them. 



This holds true with zones 5, 10, and 12 of the Pittenweem and 

 Anstruther section, and with the Limestones 'Nos. 3 a and 4 of the 

 Randerstone series ; also with the limestone north of Kingsbarns 

 Harbour, already mentioned, as well as with a five-feet Myalina- 

 bed near the Hock and Spindle. In some of these instances the 

 marine fossils (Crinoids, Prodacti, &c., in the case of zone 5) are 

 found close down to the coal ; in others there is a thin bed of dark 

 shale, containing Ganoid scales and plants, between the coal and 

 the marine stratum. 



All these facts apparently suggest that the marine conditions on 

 the one hand, and the conditions favourable to tree- or coal-growths 

 on the other, were not widely separated in this area, and that the 

 former foUowai the latter repeatedly as a matter of easy sequence. 



In the determination of the species noticed in this paper I must 

 acknowledge the great assistance afforded me by my friend Mr. John 

 Young, of the Hunterian Museum, Glasgow ; and to Dr. Traquair 

 I am in some cases indebted for the identification of the fish- 

 remains. 



Notes on the Species. 



Orthoceeas cylindracefm, Flem., Annals Philosophy, vol. v. pi. 31. 

 f. 3. 



The Orthoceras which occurs in several of the Eanderstone beds 

 comes near to this species. It is eight or nine inches long, tapers 

 slowly, has numerous septa and a central siphuncle. It is never 

 very plentiful, except at the base of the limestone east of Eander- 

 stone Castle, and there scores of specimens (casts) may be seen 

 within a few square yards. 



Naftiltjs PLANOTEEeATXJS ?, M'Coy, Syn. Carb. Eoss. Ireland, p. 18, 

 pi. ii. f. 2. 



Specimens of more than one species of Nautilus are found at 

 Eanderstone. They are all more or less crushed and not easy to 

 identify. Most of my examples belong to a form about four inches 

 in diameter, with compressed, quadrangular whorls, and which 

 appears to come near to the N. jplanotergatus of M'Coy. 



Other specimens belong to a smaller form with convex whorls. 



Some examples of the former are coated with an incrusting coral 

 and Spirorbis, and the shell is excavated by a boring-sponge or 

 annelid (?). 



BeLLEROPHON C0STATU8, SoW. 



A large Bellerophon is found in limestone No. 7 at Eanderstone. 

 It is thick-shelled, an inch and a half wide at the aperture, has a 

 strong, elevated keel, and rather coarse, somewhat irregular striae of 

 growth. Altogether it strongly resembles B. costatus as figured by 

 De Koninck*. 



* Descr. Anim. Foss. pi. xxvii. f. 2. 



